Environmental Emergencies & Rescue Techniques Flashcards

A victim pulled from an icy lake is shivering violently, confused, and has a heart rate of 52. Her core temperature is likely in the range of:

Answer: 32–28°C (90–82°F)

Moderate hypothermia (32–28°C) presents with cessation or severe shivering, confusion, bradycardia, and progressive CNS depression.

Which vector is responsible for transmitting Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) in the eastern United States?

Answer: Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick)

Dermacentor variabilis, the American dog tick, is the primary vector for Rickettsia rickettsii in the eastern U.S.

During a swift-water rescue, the MOST dangerous entrapment scenario for a swimmer is:

Answer: Foot entrapment in a shallow rapid

Foot entrapment in a moving current creates massive hydraulic force that can fold the victim underwater; it is extremely difficult to escape without assistance.

An OEC technician should suspect carbon monoxide poisoning in a ski hut when multiple patients present with:

Answer: Headache, nausea, and confusion in all occupants simultaneously

Simultaneous symptoms in multiple people in an enclosed space with a combustion source is a classic CO poisoning presentation.

What is the minimum number of rescuers recommended to safely perform an inline spinal stabilization during a water rescue extrication?

Answer: 3

At least three rescuers are needed: one to maintain inline stabilization of the head, one to apply the backboard, and one to manage the patient's body during extrication.

A patient with mild heat exhaustion is awake and oriented. The FIRST priority in management is:

Answer: Move to a cool environment and begin oral rehydration with electrolyte solution

Mild heat exhaustion is managed by removing the patient from the heat and providing oral electrolyte rehydration when the patient is alert and can swallow safely.

A rescue team uses a Stokes litter in a low-angle (less than 35°) terrain evacuation. The preferred method to descend is:

Answer: Manual carry with rescuers walking alongside

In low-angle terrain, a manual carry with rescuers walking alongside the litter is the most practical and efficient evacuation method.