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Oncologic Emergencies Flashcards

6 cards from real OCN practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 6 Oncologic Emergencies flashcards as text

  1. A patient with leukemia develops petechiae, prolonged bleeding from IV sites, and a platelet count of 8,000/mm³. The priority nursing intervention is:

    Answer: Implement bleeding precautions and prepare for platelet transfusion

    A critically low platelet count with active bleeding requires immediate bleeding precautions and preparation for platelet transfusion.

  2. Which of the following is a sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in a patient with brain metastases?

    Answer: Morning headache, nausea, and papilledema

    Increased ICP classically presents with morning headache (worse when lying flat), nausea/vomiting, and papilledema on fundoscopic exam.

  3. Which electrolyte abnormality is the most life-threatening complication of tumor lysis syndrome?

    Answer: Hyperkalemia

    Hyperkalemia is the most immediately life-threatening complication of TLS because it can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias.

  4. What is the definitive emergency treatment for malignant cardiac tamponade?

    Answer: Pericardiocentesis

    Pericardiocentesis (needle drainage of the pericardial effusion) is the definitive emergency treatment to relieve tamponade physiology.

  5. A patient on high-dose corticosteroids for brain metastases should be monitored for which common complication?

    Answer: Hyperglycemia

    Corticosteroids cause insulin resistance and gluconeogenesis, commonly causing hyperglycemia that requires monitoring and management.

  6. The MASCC risk index is used in oncology to:

    Answer: Identify low-risk febrile neutropenia patients eligible for oral antibiotics

    The MASCC (Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer) score stratifies febrile neutropenia into low vs. high risk, guiding outpatient vs. inpatient management.

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