OCC Preventive Medicine & Population Health Flashcards

The USPSTF recommends annual low-dose CT (LDCT) screening for lung cancer in adults aged 50–80 with which smoking history?

Answer: 20 pack-year history who currently smoke or quit within the past 15 years

USPSTF recommends annual LDCT for adults 50–80 with a 20+ pack-year history who currently smoke or quit within the past 15 years.

Which preventive health strategy targets an entire population rather than individuals identified as high-risk?

Answer: Population-based (mass) strategy

The population-based strategy (Rose strategy) aims to shift the entire population distribution of a risk factor rather than treating only high-risk individuals.

A 45-year-old woman with no family history of colorectal cancer should begin screening at what age according to updated USPSTF guidelines?

Answer: 45 years

In 2021, USPSTF updated its recommendation to begin colorectal cancer screening at age 45 for average-risk individuals.

Social determinants of health (SDOH) that most directly affect patient health outcomes include which factors?

Answer: Housing stability, food security, education, income, and access to healthcare

SDOH are non-medical factors like housing, food, income, education, and access to care that significantly influence health outcomes — accounting for up to 80% of health outcomes.

Which level of prevention involves early detection and treatment of disease before it becomes symptomatic?

Answer: Secondary prevention

Secondary prevention detects and treats disease in its early, asymptomatic stage through screening programs to prevent progression.

The body mass index (BMI) threshold for obesity classification in adults in the US is which value?

Answer: ≥ 30 kg/m²

Obesity is defined as BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²; BMI 25–29.9 is overweight; BMI ≥ 35 is Class II obesity; BMI ≥ 40 is Class III.