NZREX NZ Health System & Te Tiriti o Waitangi 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which of the three principles of Te Tiriti o Waitangi is represented by the Crown's obligation to actively protect Māori health?
- Protection (Tiakitanga) (Correct answer)
- Partnership (Kāwanatanga)
- Participation (Oritetanga)
- Equity (Ōritetanga)
Correct answer: Protection (Tiakitanga)
The principle of Protection (Tiakitanga) requires the Crown and health practitioners to actively protect Māori health, taonga (treasures including health practices), and wellbeing. This goes beyond passive non-discrimination.
Question 2: Which model of Māori health recognises four dimensions: taha tinana, taha hinengaro, taha whanau, and taha wairua?
- Te Whare Tapa Whā (Correct answer)
- Te Pae Māhutonga
- Meihana model
- Hui process
Correct answer: Te Whare Tapa Whā
Te Whare Tapa Whā (Mason Durie, 1984) conceptualises Māori health as a wharenui (meeting house) with four walls: physical health (taha tinana), mental health (taha hinengaro), family health (taha whanau), and spiritual health (taha wairua). All four must be intact for wellbeing.
Question 3: What is the primary legislation that established the current NZ health system structure replacing DHBs in 2022?
- Pae Ora (Healthy Futures) Act 2022 (Correct answer)
- Health and Disability Commissioner Act 1994
- New Zealand Public Health and Disability Act 2000
- Health Practitioners Competence Assurance Act 2003
Correct answer: Pae Ora (Healthy Futures) Act 2022
The Pae Ora (Healthy Futures) Act 2022 abolished the 20 DHBs and established Health New Zealand (Te Whatu Ora), the Māori Health Authority (Te Aka Whai Ora), and Public Health Agency as the new national health entities.
Question 4: Which of the following best describes the role of the Health and Disability Commissioner (HDC) in New Zealand?
- Investigates complaints about health and disability services and promotes patients' rights under the Code (Correct answer)
- Registers and deregisters health practitioners
- Sets clinical guidelines for NZ hospitals
- Manages the pharmaceutical schedule
Correct answer: Investigates complaints about health and disability services and promotes patients' rights under the Code
The HDC investigates complaints about health and disability services in NZ, advocates for patients' rights, and enforces the Code of Health and Disability Services Consumers' Rights (1996).
Question 5: Which rights under the Code of Health and Disability Services Consumers' Rights are most relevant when obtaining informed consent?
- Right 5 (information) and Right 7 (informed consent) (Correct answer)
- Right 2 (fair treatment) and Right 4 (services of appropriate standard)
- Right 1 (right to be treated with respect) and Right 3 (right to dignity)
- Right 6 (support) and Right 9 (teaching and research)
Correct answer: Right 5 (information) and Right 7 (informed consent)
Right 5 ensures patients receive sufficient information about their condition and treatment options; Right 7 ensures services are provided only with free and informed consent. Together they underpin the consent process.
Question 6: What does the acronym 'Te Aka Whai Ora' refer to in the NZ health system?
- Māori Health Authority established by the Pae Ora Act 2022 (Correct answer)
- The Māori language name for Health New Zealand
- The Māori primary health organisation network
- The national Māori mental health service
Correct answer: Māori Health Authority established by the Pae Ora Act 2022
Te Aka Whai Ora (the Māori Health Authority) was established by the Pae Ora Act 2022 as a co-equal agency alongside Health New Zealand (Te Whatu Ora), with a mandate to improve Māori health outcomes and commission Māori health services.
NZREX NZ Health System & Te Tiriti o Waitangi 1
Which of the three principles of Te Tiriti o Waitangi is represented by the Crown's obligation to actively protect Māori health?