NYSTCE NYSTCE Biology (006) 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which organelle is responsible for producing energy (ATP) through cellular respiration?
- Nucleus
- Ribosome
- Mitochondria (Correct answer)
- Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: Mitochondria
The mitochondria is known as the 'powerhouse of the cell' because it produces ATP through aerobic cellular respiration.
Question 2: During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes align along the cell's equatorial plane?
- Prophase
- Metaphase (Correct answer)
- Anaphase
- Telophase
Correct answer: Metaphase
During metaphase, chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate at the cell's equator before being pulled apart.
Question 3: Which molecule serves as the primary carrier of genetic information in most living organisms?
- RNA
- ATP
- DNA (Correct answer)
- Protein
Correct answer: DNA
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) stores the genetic blueprint that directs the development and functioning of all living organisms.
Question 4: What is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose)?
- Cellular respiration
- Fermentation
- Photosynthesis (Correct answer)
- Chemosynthesis
Correct answer: Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, using sunlight, water, and COâ‚‚ to produce glucose and oxygen.
Question 5: Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in biological reactions?
- They are consumed during chemical reactions
- They increase the activation energy of reactions
- They act as biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions (Correct answer)
- They only function at high temperatures
Correct answer: They act as biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions
Enzymes are proteins that lower activation energy and accelerate biochemical reactions without being consumed in the process.
Question 6: In a food chain, which organisms are classified as primary producers?
- Herbivores
- Carnivores
- Decomposers
- Autotrophs (plants) (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Autotrophs (plants)
Primary producers, or autotrophs, make their own food through photosynthesis and form the base of all food chains.
NYSTCE NYSTCE Biology (006) 1
Which organelle is responsible for producing energy (ATP) through cellular respiration?