Verbal Reasoning: Analogies Flashcards

ODOMETER is to DISTANCE as COMPASS is to:

Answer: Direction

The relationship is that of a tool to the measurement it provides. An odometer is an instrument used to measure distance. A compass is an instrument used to determine direction.

Which of the following pairs shares the same relationship as SCALPEL : SURGEON?

Answer: Pen : Author

The analogy is based on the relationship between a professional and their specific tool. A scalpel is the primary tool of a surgeon. Similarly, a pen is the primary tool of an author.

MARATHON is to RACE as HIBERNATION is to:

Answer: Sleep

The relationship is that of a specific type to a general category. A marathon is a type of race. Hibernation is a type of sleep or a state of prolonged sleep.

In a scenario where a biologist is studying ecosystems, they note that a FINCH is a type of BIRD. Which of the following analogies best represents this relationship?

Answer: Collie : Dog

The relationship is 'species to class'. A finch is a specific type (species) of bird (class). A collie is a specific breed (species) of dog (class). The other options show different relationships (animal:group, part:whole, class:species).

SPONGE is to POROUS as RUBBER is to:

Answer: Elastic

This analogy describes a defining characteristic of an object. A key characteristic of a sponge is that it is porous. A key characteristic of rubber is that it is elastic.

ELATED is to DESPONDENT as ENLIGHTENED is to:

Answer: Ignorant

The relationship between the first pair of words is that of antonyms. Elated (very happy) is the opposite of despondent (very sad). Enlightened (having knowledge) is the opposite of ignorant (lacking knowledge).