NTP Human Nutrition Fundamentals 3

Question 1

Which lipoprotein is primarily responsible for transporting cholesterol from the liver to peripheral tissues?

Accepted Answer

LDL

Answer

LDL (low-density lipoprotein), formed from VLDL after triglyceride removal, delivers cholesterol to peripheral cells via LDL receptor-mediated endocytosis.

Question 2

What is the primary role of intrinsic factor in nutrition?

Accepted Answer

Binding vitamin B12 to enable ileal absorption

Answer

Intrinsic factor, secreted by gastric parietal cells, binds cobalamin and the complex is absorbed via specific receptors in the terminal ileum.

Question 3

Secretin, released by S-cells of the duodenum, primarily stimulates:

Accepted Answer

Pancreatic bicarbonate secretion

Answer

Secretin is triggered by acidic chyme entering the duodenum and signals the pancreas to release bicarbonate-rich juice to neutralize the acid.

Question 4

Which amino acid is considered conditionally essential and is the primary fuel source for enterocytes?

Accepted Answer

Glutamine

Answer

Glutamine is the preferred metabolic fuel for rapidly dividing intestinal epithelial cells and becomes essential during physiological stress.

Question 5

The process of converting excess glucose to fatty acids for storage is called:

Accepted Answer

De novo lipogenesis

Answer

De novo lipogenesis occurs primarily in the liver when glycogen stores are full, converting acetyl-CoA from excess carbohydrate into palmitate.

(NTP) Nutritional Therapy Practitioner Practice Test

(NTP) Nutritional Therapy Practitioner Practice Test

NTP Human Nutrition Fundamentals 3