NTA Cardiovascular Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

Which structure initiates the normal electrical impulse of the heart?

Accepted Answer

Sinoatrial (SA) node

Answer

Atrioventricular (AV) node

Answer

Bundle of His

Answer

Purkinje fibers

Question 2

What is the normal intrinsic rate of the AV node when it acts as a secondary pacemaker?

Accepted Answer

40–60 bpm

Answer

20–40 bpm

Answer

60–100 bpm

Answer

100–120 bpm

Question 3

Which layer of the heart wall is responsible for the pumping action?

Accepted Answer

Myocardium

Answer

Epicardium

Answer

Endocardium

Answer

Pericardium

Question 4

Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to which heart chamber first?

Accepted Answer

Right atrium

Answer

Left atrium

Answer

Left ventricle

Answer

Right ventricle

Question 5

What is the primary function of the tricuspid valve?

Accepted Answer

Prevents backflow from the right ventricle into the right atrium

Answer

Prevents backflow from the aorta into the left ventricle

Answer

Prevents backflow from the pulmonary artery into the right ventricle

Answer

Prevents backflow from the left ventricle into the left atrium

Question 6

The electrical impulse is delayed at the AV node primarily to:

Accepted Answer

Allow the ventricles to fill completely before contracting

Answer

Increase heart rate during stress

Answer

Trigger repolarization of the atria

Answer

Increase myocardial oxygen consumption

Question 7

Which coronary artery most commonly supplies the SA node?

Accepted Answer

Right coronary artery (RCA)

Answer

Left anterior descending (LAD) artery

Answer

Left circumflex artery

Answer

Posterior descending artery