Mineral Balance & Hydration Flashcards

Which nutrients are key cofactors for proper calcium absorption and utilization?

Answer: Vitamin D and magnesium

Vitamin D increases intestinal calcium absorption, and magnesium is required for vitamin D activation and calcium regulation. Without these cofactors, calcium may not be used properly.

Why is adequate stomach acid (HCl) important for mineral status?

Answer: It ionizes minerals, which helps their absorption

An acidic stomach environment helps free and ionize minerals such as calcium, iron, and zinc from food, making them absorbable. Low stomach acid (hypochlorhydria) is a common driver of mineral deficiency.

Which hormone raises blood calcium by pulling calcium from bone when levels fall?

Answer: Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

PTH is secreted when blood calcium drops. It stimulates bone resorption, renal calcium reabsorption, and vitamin D activation. Calcitonin has the opposite effect.

A common NTA hydration guideline is to drink roughly how much water daily?

Answer: Half of body weight (in pounds) in ounces

The general guideline is half your body weight in pounds, expressed as ounces (for example, a 160 lb person drinks about 80 oz). Additional water is advised to offset dehydrating beverages.

Which group of minerals functions primarily as electrolytes that regulate fluid balance and nerve conduction?

Answer: Sodium, potassium, chloride

Sodium, potassium, and chloride carry electrical charge in body fluids. They drive fluid distribution, nerve impulses, and muscle contraction.

How are caffeinated and alcoholic beverages typically handled in an NTA hydration plan?

Answer: They are considered dehydrating, so extra water is recommended

Caffeine and alcohol have diuretic effects. The NTA approach recommends adding extra water to compensate rather than counting them toward hydration.