Endocrine System & Hormone Balance Flashcards

Which pancreatic cells produce insulin?

Answer: Beta cells

Beta cells in the islets of Langerhans secrete insulin.

Which hormone is released by the pancreas to raise blood glucose between meals?

Answer: Glucagon

Glucagon signals the liver to release glucose through glycogenolysis.

Which trace mineral enhances insulin receptor sensitivity?

Answer: Chromium

Chromium supports insulin signaling and glucose uptake.

Which early finding often indicates insulin resistance before fasting glucose rises?

Answer: Elevated fasting insulin

The pancreas compensates with higher insulin before glucose becomes abnormal.

Which meal composition best supports stable blood sugar?

Answer: Carbohydrate paired with protein, healthy fat and fiber

Protein, fat and fiber slow glucose absorption and blunt insulin spikes.

Leptin, which signals satiety to the brain, is primarily secreted by which tissue?

Answer: Adipose tissue

Fat cells release leptin in proportion to fat stores.

Which hormone, secreted by the stomach, stimulates hunger?

Answer: Ghrelin

Ghrelin rises before meals and falls after eating.