NTA Environmental Science 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which greenhouse gas is most responsible for recent human-caused climate change?
- Carbon dioxide (CO₂) (Correct answer)
- Water vapor
- Methane (CH₄)
- Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
Correct answer: Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
CO₂ is the primary greenhouse gas driving recent climate change due to fossil fuel combustion and deforestation.
Question 2: The ozone layer, which protects Earth from ultraviolet radiation, is located in the:
- Stratosphere (Correct answer)
- Troposphere
- Mesosphere
- Thermosphere
Correct answer: Stratosphere
The ozone layer is located in the stratosphere, approximately 15–35 km above Earth's surface.
Question 3: What is biodiversity?
- The variety of life forms in a given area (Correct answer)
- The study of plant biology
- The process of decomposition
- The water cycle in an ecosystem
Correct answer: The variety of life forms in a given area
Biodiversity refers to the variety of all life forms, including species, genes, and ecosystems, in a given area.
Question 4: Which of the following is a renewable energy source?
- Solar energy (Correct answer)
- Coal
- Natural gas
- Petroleum
Correct answer: Solar energy
Solar energy is renewable because it is continuously replenished by the sun without depletion.
Question 5: The process by which nitrogen is converted from the atmosphere into a usable form for plants is called:
- Nitrogen fixation (Correct answer)
- Nitrification
- Denitrification
- Ammonification
Correct answer: Nitrogen fixation
Nitrogen fixation converts atmospheric N₂ into ammonia (NH₃) by bacteria, making it available to plants.
Question 6: Acid rain is primarily caused by which gases?
- Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides (Correct answer)
- Carbon dioxide and methane
- Ozone and chlorine
- Oxygen and hydrogen
Correct answer: Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
SO₂ and NOₓ react with water in the atmosphere to form sulfuric and nitric acids, causing acid rain.
NTA Environmental Science 1
Which greenhouse gas is most responsible for recent human-caused climate change?