Exercise Physiology Flashcards

Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) is PRIMARILY attributed to which of the following?

Answer: Restoration of phosphagen stores and elevated body temperature

EPOC is mainly driven by resynthesis of creatine phosphate, lactate removal, elevated body temperature, and hormonal effects that persist after exercise.

Type IIx (fast-twitch) muscle fibers are characterized by which combination of properties?

Answer: Low oxidative capacity, high glycolytic capacity, fast contraction speed

Type IIx fibers have low oxidative capacity, high glycolytic capacity, generate high force rapidly, and fatigue quickly.

Which hormone is most directly responsible for increasing blood glucose during intense exercise?

Answer: Epinephrine

Epinephrine (adrenaline) is rapidly released during intense exercise and stimulates hepatic glycogenolysis to raise blood glucose.

What is the primary role of hemoglobin in exercise physiology?

Answer: Transporting oxygen in the blood

Hemoglobin binds oxygen in the lungs and releases it to working muscles, serving as the principal oxygen transport protein in blood.

The lactate threshold is best described as the exercise intensity at which:

Answer: Blood lactate begins to accumulate exponentially above resting levels

The lactate threshold marks the exercise intensity where lactate production exceeds clearance, causing a nonlinear rise in blood lactate.

Which pulmonary adaptation occurs with long-term aerobic training?

Answer: Improved ventilatory efficiency and reduced ventilatory equivalent at submaximal workloads

Endurance training improves ventilatory efficiency, meaning less air needs to be moved per liter of oxygen consumed at submaximal intensities.

During the initial seconds of high-intensity exercise, ATP is regenerated PRIMARILY by:

Answer: Creatine phosphate hydrolysis

Creatine phosphate rapidly donates its phosphate group to ADP to regenerate ATP during the first few seconds of maximal effort.