NSC Clinical Knowledge 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A victim is unresponsive and not breathing normally. After calling 911, what is the correct sequence to begin CPR?
- Give 2 rescue breaths, then start chest compressions
- Start chest compressions at a rate of 100-120 per minute (Correct answer)
- Check for a pulse for at least 30 seconds before starting CPR
- Place the victim in the recovery position and wait for EMS
Correct answer: Start chest compressions at a rate of 100-120 per minute
Begin CPR immediately with chest compressions at 100-120 per minute before giving rescue breaths.
Question 2: Which of the following is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for single-rescuer adult CPR?
- 15:2
- 30:2 (Correct answer)
- 5:1
- 20:2
Correct answer: 30:2
The current guideline for single-rescuer adult CPR is 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths.
Question 3: When treating a patient in anaphylactic shock, which medication is the first-line treatment?
- Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- Albuterol inhaler
- Epinephrine (EpiPen) (Correct answer)
- Aspirin
Correct answer: Epinephrine (EpiPen)
Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis because it rapidly reverses severe allergic reactions.
Question 4: A patient presents with sudden severe chest pain radiating to the left arm, sweating, and nausea. What condition should you suspect?
- Pulmonary embolism
- Acute myocardial infarction (Correct answer)
- Aortic dissection
- Panic attack
Correct answer: Acute myocardial infarction
Chest pain radiating to the left arm with diaphoresis and nausea are classic signs of acute myocardial infarction (heart attack).
Question 5: What is the purpose of the 'head-tilt chin-lift' maneuver?
- To check for spinal injuries
- To open the airway by moving the tongue away from the throat (Correct answer)
- To stimulate breathing in an unconscious patient
- To position the patient for chest compressions
Correct answer: To open the airway by moving the tongue away from the throat
The head-tilt chin-lift opens the airway by lifting the chin, which moves the tongue away from the back of the throat.
Question 6: A construction worker has a large piece of metal impaled in his thigh. What is the correct first aid approach?
- Remove the object immediately to control bleeding
- Leave the object in place and stabilize it with bulky dressings (Correct answer)
- Apply a tourniquet above the impaled object immediately
- Pack the wound tightly around the object with gauze
Correct answer: Leave the object in place and stabilize it with bulky dressings
An impaled object should never be removed because it may be plugging blood vessels; stabilize it in place and await EMS.
Question 7: What does the acronym SAMPLE stand for in patient assessment?
- Signs, Allergies, Medications, Past history, Last oral intake, Events
- Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Pertinent history, Last meal, Events (Correct answer)
- Signs, Age, Medical history, Pulse, Level of consciousness, Environment
- Symptoms, Assessment, Medications, Pain, Location, Examination
Correct answer: Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Pertinent history, Last meal, Events
SAMPLE stands for Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Pertinent history, Last oral intake, and Events leading to the emergency.
NSC Clinical Knowledge 2
A victim is unresponsive and not breathing normally.
After calling 911, what is the correct sequence to begin CPR?