Clinical Knowledge Flashcards

A victim is unresponsive and not breathing normally. After calling 911, what is the correct sequence to begin CPR?

Answer: Start chest compressions at a rate of 100-120 per minute

Begin CPR immediately with chest compressions at 100-120 per minute before giving rescue breaths.

Which of the following is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for single-rescuer adult CPR?

Answer: 30:2

The current guideline for single-rescuer adult CPR is 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths.

When treating a patient in anaphylactic shock, which medication is the first-line treatment?

Answer: Epinephrine (EpiPen)

Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis because it rapidly reverses severe allergic reactions.

A patient presents with sudden severe chest pain radiating to the left arm, sweating, and nausea. What condition should you suspect?

Answer: Acute myocardial infarction

Chest pain radiating to the left arm with diaphoresis and nausea are classic signs of acute myocardial infarction (heart attack).

What is the purpose of the 'head-tilt chin-lift' maneuver?

Answer: To open the airway by moving the tongue away from the throat

The head-tilt chin-lift opens the airway by lifting the chin, which moves the tongue away from the back of the throat.

A construction worker has a large piece of metal impaled in his thigh. What is the correct first aid approach?

Answer: Leave the object in place and stabilize it with bulky dressings

An impaled object should never be removed because it may be plugging blood vessels; stabilize it in place and await EMS.

What does the acronym SAMPLE stand for in patient assessment?

Answer: Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Pertinent history, Last meal, Events

SAMPLE stands for Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Pertinent history, Last oral intake, and Events leading to the emergency.