Pharmacology Basics Flashcards

A drug interaction in which two drugs together produce an effect greater than the sum of their individual effects is called:

Answer: Synergism (potentiation)

Synergism (or potentiation) occurs when combined drug effects exceed the sum of individual effects (1+1 > 2), as with alcohol and sedatives.

The medical assistant receives a prescription for a Schedule II controlled substance. This prescription:

Answer: Requires a written or electronic DEA-compliant prescription; no refills are permitted

Schedule II prescriptions must be written or issued electronically under DEA standards, cannot be called in except in emergencies with a follow-up written Rx, and have no refills.

Which body system is primarily responsible for drug metabolism?

Answer: Hepatic (liver)

The liver is the primary site of drug metabolism, using cytochrome P450 enzymes to convert drugs into more water-soluble metabolites for excretion.

A patient reports taking herbal St. John's Wort supplements. The medical assistant should know this supplement may:

Answer: Reduce the effectiveness of certain prescription drugs including oral contraceptives and antidepressants

St. John's Wort is a potent CYP450 inducer that speeds up metabolism of many drugs, reducing their plasma levels and effectiveness.

Which abbreviation indicates a medication should be administered intramuscularly?

Answer: IM

IM stands for intramuscular, meaning the medication is injected directly into muscle tissue such as the deltoid, vastus lateralis, or gluteus medius.

Which medication requires a MedGuide to be dispensed to patients due to serious risk?

Answer: Prescription NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen 800mg)

FDA-mandated MedGuides are required for drugs with serious public health concerns, including prescription NSAIDs due to risks of GI bleeding and cardiovascular events.