NPTE-PT Cardiovascular and Pulmonary PT 5

Question 1

A patient's chest X-ray shows a mediastinal shift toward the affected side with ipsilateral hemidiaphragm elevation. Which condition is MOST consistent with these findings?

Accepted Answer

Lobar atelectasis

Answer

Lobar atelectasis (lung collapse) pulls the mediastinum toward the collapsed lobe due to volume loss, unlike pneumothorax or effusion which push it away.

Question 2

Which exercise intensity zone is RECOMMENDED for most patients in Phase II cardiac rehabilitation according to American Heart Association guidelines?

Accepted Answer

50-80% of heart rate reserve

Answer

Phase II cardiac rehabilitation targets 50-80% of heart rate reserve (or VO2 reserve) to provide a safe and effective cardiovascular training stimulus.

Question 3

A patient with pulmonary hypertension is MOST at risk for which complication during vigorous exercise?

Accepted Answer

Right heart failure and syncope

Answer

Pulmonary hypertension imposes severe afterload on the right ventricle; vigorous exercise can precipitate acute right heart failure and syncope due to inability to augment cardiac output.

Question 4

Which diaphragm position finding on chest X-ray is MOST characteristic of severe emphysema?

Accepted Answer

Flattened hemidiaphragms bilaterally

Answer

Severe emphysema causes air trapping and hyperinflation, which pushes the diaphragms inferiorly and flattens their domes bilaterally on chest X-ray.

Question 5

A therapist observes paradoxical inward movement of the abdomen during inspiration in a supine patient. This sign indicates dysfunction of which muscle?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Answer

When the diaphragm is weak or paralyzed, it is drawn upward during inspiration by negative intrathoracic pressure, causing paradoxical inward abdominal movement.

NPTE-PT Test Practice Test

NPTE-PT Test Practice Test

NPTE-PT Cardiovascular and Pulmonary PT 5