NPTE-PT Cardiovascular and Pulmonary PT 2

Question 1

A patient with COPD demonstrates pursed-lip breathing during exertion. What is the PRIMARY physiological benefit of this technique?

Accepted Answer

Creates back-pressure to prevent early airway collapse

Answer

Increases respiratory rate to improve ventilation

Answer

Strengthens the diaphragm by increasing resistance

Answer

Reduces functional residual capacity

Question 2

Which ECG finding is MOST consistent with left ventricular hypertrophy?

Accepted Answer

Tall R waves in V5-V6 with deep S waves in V1-V2

Answer

Tall R waves in V1-V2 with deep S waves in V5-V6

Answer

Deep Q waves in leads II, III, and aVF

Answer

Peaked P waves greater than 2.5 mm in lead II

Question 3

A PT is treating a post-MI patient who suddenly develops a respiratory rate of 32 breaths/min, crackles bilaterally, and frothy pink sputum. Which condition does this BEST represent?

Accepted Answer

Acute pulmonary edema

Answer

Pulmonary embolism

Answer

Pneumothorax

Answer

Lobar pneumonia

Question 4

During a 6-minute walk test, a patient's SpO2 drops from 96% to 87%. What is the MOST appropriate PT action?

Accepted Answer

Stop the test and administer supplemental oxygen if available

Answer

Continue the test while monitoring closely

Answer

Stop the test and position the patient in Trendelenburg

Answer

Encourage the patient to slow their walking pace and continue

Question 5

Which breathing exercise is MOST appropriate for a patient with a flail chest to improve ventilatory mechanics?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragmatic breathing with manual stabilization

Answer

Incentive spirometry

Answer

Pursed-lip breathing

Answer

Glossopharyngeal breathing

Question 6

A patient status post-coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) has sternal precautions. Which activity is CONTRAINDICATED in early rehabilitation?

Accepted Answer

Pushing up from a chair using both arms simultaneously

Answer

Ankle pumps in supine

Answer

Bilateral shoulder flexion to 90 degrees

Answer

Diaphragmatic breathing exercises

Question 7

Which pulmonary function test pattern is characteristic of restrictive lung disease?

Accepted Answer

Decreased FVC with normal or increased FEV1/FVC ratio

Answer

Decreased FEV1 with decreased FEV1/FVC ratio

Answer

Normal FVC with decreased FEV1

Answer

Increased TLC with decreased FVC