NPS Infection Prevention and Control

Question 1

What is the most common route of transmission for healthcare-associated infections in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)?

Accepted Answer

Contact transmission via contaminated healthcare worker hands

Answer

Contact transmission via contaminated healthcare worker hands is the predominant route of HAI spread in the NICU, making hand hygiene the single most important prevention measure.

Question 2

Which hand hygiene method is most effective for removing Clostridioides difficile spores from healthcare workers' hands?

Accepted Answer

Soap and water with vigorous mechanical friction

Answer

Alcohol-based hand rubs are ineffective against C. difficile spores; soap and water with mechanical friction physically removes spores from the skin surface.

Question 3

Late-onset sepsis in premature neonates is most commonly caused by which organism?

Accepted Answer

Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS)

Answer

Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, particularly S. epidermidis, is the leading cause of late-onset sepsis in premature neonates, largely due to its ability to form biofilms on central venous catheters.

Question 4

When caring for a neonate colonized with MRSA, which personal protective equipment (PPE) is required for contact precautions?

Accepted Answer

Gown and gloves

Answer

Standard contact precautions for MRSA require a gown and gloves to prevent direct and indirect skin-to-skin transmission to healthcare workers and other patients.

Question 5

A neonate is confirmed to have RSV bronchiolitis. What isolation precautions should be implemented?

Accepted Answer

Contact and droplet precautions combined

Answer

RSV is transmitted by both large respiratory droplets and direct or indirect contact, requiring combined contact and droplet precautions to prevent spread.

NPS - Neonatal Pediatric Specialist Practice Test

NPS - Neonatal Pediatric Specialist Practice Test

NPS Infection Prevention and Control