NPS NPS Respiratory Management

Question 1

What is the target oxygen saturation range recommended for preterm neonates less than 32 weeks gestation?

Accepted Answer

91–95%

Answer

Current evidence supports targeting SpO2 of 91–95% in preterm neonates <32 weeks to balance risks of retinopathy of prematurity and mortality.

Question 2

Which ventilation mode delivers a set tidal volume regardless of changes in lung compliance in mechanically ventilated neonates?

Accepted Answer

Volume-guaranteed ventilation (VG)

Answer

Volume-guaranteed ventilation delivers a clinician-set tidal volume by adjusting inspiratory pressure breath-by-breath, protecting against volutrauma as compliance changes.

Question 3

A neonate on HFOV has a rising PaCO2. Which ventilator parameter should be increased?

Accepted Answer

Amplitude (ΔP)

Answer

Amplitude (ΔP) determines tidal volume delivery in HFOV; increasing amplitude improves CO2 elimination and lowers PaCO2.

Question 4

What tidal volume range is recommended for lung-protective ventilation in ventilated neonates?

Accepted Answer

4–6 mL/kg

Answer

A tidal volume of 4–6 mL/kg is recommended for neonatal lung-protective ventilation to minimize volutrauma while maintaining adequate CO2 clearance.

Question 5

Which finding on chest X-ray is classic for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?

Accepted Answer

Diffuse ground-glass opacity with air bronchograms

Answer

Neonatal RDS classically shows diffuse ground-glass opacification with air bronchograms due to surfactant deficiency causing widespread alveolar atelectasis.

NPS - Neonatal Pediatric Specialist Practice Test

NPS - Neonatal Pediatric Specialist Practice Test

NPS NPS Respiratory Management