NPS NPS Respiratory Management 2

Question 1

What is the primary advantage of nasal CPAP (nCPAP) over mechanical ventilation for preterm neonates with mild-moderate RDS?

Accepted Answer

Avoidance of intubation and reduced BPD risk

Answer

Higher oxygen delivery

Answer

More precise tidal volume control

Answer

Easier nursing care

Question 2

During neonatal resuscitation, the initial FiO2 for a term newborn should be:

Accepted Answer

21% (room air)

Answer

40%

Answer

60%

Answer

100%

Question 3

A neonate develops a sudden deterioration on mechanical ventilation. The NPS performs a DOPE assessment. What does 'D' stand for?

Accepted Answer

Displacement of the ETT

Answer

Decreased breath sounds

Answer

Drug effect

Answer

Diaphragm weakness

Question 4

What is the minimum recommended positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) for mechanically ventilated neonates with RDS?

Accepted Answer

4–6 cmH2O

Answer

1–2 cmH2O

Answer

3–4 cmH2O

Answer

8–10 cmH2O

Question 5

Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is characterized by which pathophysiological mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Airway obstruction, surfactant inactivation, and chemical pneumonitis

Answer

Surfactant excess with alveolar overdistension

Answer

Pulmonary hypoplasia from oligohydramnios

Answer

Bacterial pneumonia from GBS

Question 6

A 32-week neonate is being weaned from mechanical ventilation. Which post-extubation support is most likely to prevent re-intubation?

Accepted Answer

Nasal CPAP at 5–7 cmH2O

Answer

Low-flow nasal cannula at 0.5 LPM

Answer

Heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula (HHHFNC)

Answer

Supplemental O2 via hood