Medical Terminology & Anatomy Flashcards

What does the prefix 'brady-' mean in medical terminology?

Answer: Slow

In medical terminology, prefixes are often used to modify the meaning of a root word, indicating quantity, position, or other characteristics. The prefix 'brady-' specifically means slow or decreased. For example, 'bradycardia' refers to a slow heart rate, and 'bradypnea' indicates slow breathing.

Which of the following terms refers to inflammation of the liver?

Answer: Hepatitis

Medical terms are frequently constructed from root words and suffixes. The root 'hepat-' refers to the liver, and the suffix '-itis' denotes inflammation. Therefore, 'hepatitis' literally means inflammation of the liver, a condition that can be caused by various factors, including viral infections or toxins.

Which body system is primarily responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients?

Answer: Circulatory System

The circulatory system, also known as the cardiovascular system, is primarily responsible for the vital transport of substances throughout the body. It pumps blood, which carries oxygen from the lungs and nutrients from the digestive system to all cells and tissues. Simultaneously, it transports waste products, such as carbon dioxide, away from the cells for excretion.

Which medical root word refers to the stomach?

Answer: Gastro

Understanding medical root words is fundamental to deciphering medical terminology. The root word 'gastro-' is derived from the Greek word for stomach. It is commonly found in terms related to the stomach and digestive system, such as 'gastritis' (inflammation of the stomach) or 'gastroscopy' (visual examination of the stomach).

What is the largest organ in the human body?

Answer: Skin

The skin is indeed the largest organ of the human body, both in terms of surface area and weight. It forms a protective barrier against the external environment, regulates body temperature, senses touch and pain, and plays a role in vitamin D synthesis. Its extensive coverage and multiple functions make it a vital organ.

Which suffix means 'surgical removal'?

Answer: -ectomy

In medical terminology, suffixes often describe a procedure, condition, or disease. The suffix '-ectomy' specifically denotes the surgical removal or excision of an organ or part of the body. Common examples include 'appendectomy' (removal of the appendix) and 'tonsillectomy' (removal of the tonsils).

Which bone is found in the upper arm?

Answer: Humerus

The humerus is the long bone located in the upper arm, extending from the shoulder to the elbow. It articulates with the scapula (shoulder blade) at the shoulder joint and with the radius and ulna (forearm bones) at the elbow joint. This bone is crucial for arm movement and strength.

What term is used to describe a heart rate above 100 beats per minute?

Answer: Tachycardia

Tachycardia is a medical term used to describe an abnormally fast heart rate, typically defined as over 100 beats per minute in adults. The prefix 'tachy-' means fast, and '-cardia' refers to the heart. It can be a normal response to exercise or stress, or an indicator of an underlying medical condition.

What is the meaning of the term 'cyanosis'?

Answer: Bluish discoloration

Cyanosis refers to a bluish or purplish discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes. This condition is caused by a lack of oxygen in the blood, indicating that tissues are not receiving adequate oxygenation. It can be a sign of various underlying respiratory or circulatory problems requiring medical attention.