NPA Anatomy & Physiology of the Circulatory System

Question 1

Which vein is most commonly preferred as the first choice for routine venipuncture in the antecubital area?

Accepted Answer

Median cubital vein

Answer

The median cubital vein is the preferred first choice for venipuncture because it is large, well-anchored, and less likely to roll or bruise.

Question 2

Which chamber of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the pulmonary artery?

Accepted Answer

Right ventricle

Answer

The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood through the pulmonary artery to the lungs for oxygenation.

Question 3

What is the primary function of valves found in veins?

Accepted Answer

Prevent backflow of blood

Answer

Venous valves prevent the backflow of blood, helping it return to the heart against gravity.

Question 4

Which layer of a blood vessel wall contains smooth muscle cells and is responsible for vasoconstriction and vasodilation?

Accepted Answer

Tunica media

Answer

The tunica media is the middle layer of blood vessels, composed of smooth muscle that controls vessel diameter through contraction and relaxation.

Question 5

What is the antecubital fossa?

Accepted Answer

The triangular area on the inner aspect of the elbow

Answer

The antecubital fossa is the triangular depression located on the anterior (inner) aspect of the elbow, which is the primary site for venipuncture.

NPA - National Phlebotomy Association Certification Practice Test