NPA Anatomy & Physiology of the Circulatory System 3

Question 1

What is the difference between serum and plasma?

Accepted Answer

Plasma contains clotting factors; serum does not

Answer

Plasma retains clotting factors (including fibrinogen) because it is collected with an anticoagulant, whereas serum is the liquid remaining after blood has clotted and the clot is removed.

Question 2

Hematopoiesis refers to:

Accepted Answer

The formation and development of blood cells

Answer

Hematopoiesis is the process by which blood cells — red cells, white cells, and platelets — are produced, primarily in the red bone marrow.

Question 3

Which cellular blood component is primarily responsible for hemostasis (stopping bleeding) at a wound site?

Accepted Answer

Thrombocytes (platelets)

Answer

Thrombocytes (platelets) aggregate at wound sites to form a platelet plug, initiating the clotting cascade and hemostasis.

Question 4

The innermost layer of a blood vessel that is in direct contact with blood is called the:

Accepted Answer

Tunica intima

Answer

The tunica intima is the innermost layer of blood vessels, consisting of a single layer of endothelial cells that lines the lumen and minimizes friction.

Question 5

In the systemic circulation, arteries carry oxygenated blood ______ the heart and veins carry deoxygenated blood ______ the heart.

Accepted Answer

away from; toward

Answer

By definition, arteries carry blood away from the heart and veins carry blood toward the heart, regardless of oxygen content.

NPA - National Phlebotomy Association Certification Practice Test

NPA - National Phlebotomy Association Certification Practice Test

NPA Anatomy & Physiology of the Circulatory System 3