NMBI Nutrition and Fluid Balance 3

Question 1

When performing a nutritional assessment, which tool specifically incorporates unplanned weight loss, BMI, and acute disease effect?

Accepted Answer

MUST (Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool)

Answer

MUST uses BMI, unplanned weight loss, and the effect of acute disease as its three scoring components to identify malnutrition risk.

Question 2

A patient with dysphagia is at risk of aspiration. Which diet texture modification is recommended by the International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative (IDDSI) for those with severe swallowing difficulty?

Accepted Answer

Liquidised (Level 4)

Answer

IDDSI Level 4 (Puréed/Liquidised) is recommended for severe dysphagia where solid textures pose a significant aspiration risk.

Question 3

Which type of intravenous fluid is considered ISOTONIC and is most commonly used for fluid replacement in dehydrated patients?

Accepted Answer

0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline)

Answer

0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) is isotonic, matching the tonicity of blood, making it suitable for fluid replacement in dehydration.

Question 4

A nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure. Which fluid balance parameter is MOST important to monitor daily?

Accepted Answer

Body weight

Answer

Daily weight measurement is the most sensitive indicator of fluid retention; a gain of 1 kg represents approximately 1 litre of fluid.

Question 5

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is typically administered via which access route?

Accepted Answer

Central venous catheter

Answer

TPN must be administered through a central venous catheter due to its high osmolality, which would damage peripheral veins.

NMBI Practice Test

NMBI Practice Test

NMBI Nutrition and Fluid Balance 3