NMBI Infection Control

Question 1

What is the primary chain of infection broken by hand hygiene?

Accepted Answer

Transmission route

Answer

Hand hygiene is most effective at breaking the 'transmission route' — the means by which microorganisms travel from one host to another. Without transmission, infection cannot spread.

Question 2

What type of isolation precautions are used for a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB)?

Accepted Answer

Airborne precautions (negative pressure room, FFP2/3 mask)

Answer

TB is transmitted by airborne particles (aerosols). Airborne precautions require a negative pressure room and FFP2/3 respirators (not standard surgical masks) to prevent transmission.

Question 3

Which organism is associated with healthcare-associated infections (HCAI) and is resistant to most antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)

Answer

MRSA is a major cause of healthcare-associated infections and is resistant to methicillin and most beta-lactam antibiotics. It requires enhanced infection control measures including contact precautions.

Question 4

What does PPE stand for in infection control?

Accepted Answer

Personal Protective Equipment

Answer

PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) includes gloves, gowns, aprons, masks, and eye protection. It forms a barrier between the healthcare worker and potential sources of infection.

Question 5

A patient is diagnosed with Clostridioides difficile (C. diff). What specific hand hygiene method is most effective?

Accepted Answer

Soap and water handwashing

Answer

Alcohol-based gels are NOT effective against C. difficile spores. Soap and water physical handwashing is required to mechanically remove spores from hands. This is a critical exception to the general use of alcohol gel.

NMBI Practice Test

NMBI Practice Test

NMBI Infection Control