NJGPA Exam — Questions and Answers

Question 1: In an equilateral triangle, each side has length 6. What is the height of the triangle?

3√3 (Correct answer)
6√3
√3
3

Correct answer: 3√3

The height of an equilateral triangle with side s is (s√3)/2 = (6√3)/2 = 3√3.

Question 2: A journalist writes: 'The factory poured chemicals into the river; meanwhile, regulators remained silent.' What effect does this sentence structure create?

It presents a chronological sequence of events
It emphasizes the similarity between the factory and the regulators
It creates dramatic irony by juxtaposing harmful action with inaction (Correct answer)
It defines the meaning of environmental regulation

Correct answer: It creates dramatic irony by juxtaposing harmful action with inaction

The juxtaposition of harmful action and simultaneous regulatory silence creates dramatic irony that emphasizes negligence.

Question 3: How can students access practice materials for the NJGPA?

Practice materials are distributed by the state only after the test.
Practice materials are only available on the day of the test.
Students can access practice materials through their school or online portals. (Correct answer)
Students must purchase practice materials from private companies.

Correct answer: Students can access practice materials through their school or online portals.

To facilitate preparation, practice materials for the NJGPA are readily accessible to students. Schools often provide these resources directly, and the New Jersey Department of Education typically offers official practice tests and study guides through its online portals. This ensures students have ample opportunities to familiarize themselves with the exam format and content.

Question 4: When synthesizing multiple sources for an RST essay, which approach BEST demonstrates strong integration of evidence?

Quote each source in separate paragraphs without connecting them
Summarize each source fully before beginning the essay body
Weave evidence from multiple sources together to support a single claim (Correct answer)
Use only the source you found most convincing and ignore the others

Correct answer: Weave evidence from multiple sources together to support a single claim

Strong synthesis weaves evidence from multiple sources together to build a unified argument rather than treating each source separately.

Question 5: A graph shows f(x) = 0 at x = 2 and x = -5. Which factored form could represent this function?

(x - 2)(x - 5)
(x + 2)(x - 5)
(x - 2)(x + 5) (Correct answer)
(x + 2)(x + 5)

Correct answer: (x - 2)(x + 5)

Zeros at x = 2 and x = -5 correspond to factors (x - 2) and (x + 5).

Question 6: Two triangles are similar. The sides of the first triangle are 5, 12, and 13. The shortest side of the second triangle is 15. What is the perimeter of the second triangle?

120
90 (Correct answer)
60
30

Correct answer: 90

First, find the scale factor by comparing the corresponding shortest sides: 15 / 5 = 3. This means all sides of the second triangle are 3 times larger. The other sides are 12*3=36 and 13*3=39. The perimeter of the second triangle is 15 + 36 + 39 = 90. Alternatively, find the perimeter of the first triangle (5+12+13=30) and multiply by the scale factor (30*3=90).

Question 7: A student's RST essay prompt asks: 'Should schools ban smartphones?' The student only argues one side using all three sources. What is a STRONGER approach?

Argue one side but acknowledge and counter the opposing view supported in the sources (Correct answer)
Write two separate essays, one for each side
Add a fourth source not provided
Avoid taking a position to stay neutral

Correct answer: Argue one side but acknowledge and counter the opposing view supported in the sources

A stronger argument addresses the opposing view from the sources and refutes it, demonstrating critical thinking and awareness of complexity.

Question 8: Read: 'The scientist published her findings despite fierce opposition from colleagues.' What does 'despite' signal about the relationship between the two parts of the sentence?

The opposition had no connection to her decision.
She published even though there was opposition — a contrast. (Correct answer)
The publication happened before the opposition.
The opposition caused her to publish.

Correct answer: She published even though there was opposition — a contrast.

'Despite' is a contrast signal showing that the opposition did not stop her from publishing.

Question 9: What is the purpose of the scoring system for the NJGPA?

To determine whether students meet the minimum proficiency required for graduation (Correct answer)
To rank students within their school district
To evaluate the effectiveness of the New Jersey education system
To assign grades to students for their overall high school performance

Correct answer: To determine whether students meet the minimum proficiency required for graduation

The scoring system for the NJGPA is specifically designed to evaluate if students have reached a predetermined level of academic proficiency in English Language Arts and Mathematics. This minimum proficiency is a state-mandated requirement for high school graduation. The scores indicate whether a student has met this critical benchmark.

Question 10: Which sentence BEST demonstrates synthesis rather than simple summary in an RST essay?

Source A says climate change is a problem.
The author of Source A is a scientist who studies the environment.
Source B is about coral reefs dying because of warming oceans.
According to Source A, temperatures have risen, and Source B's data on coral reef decline confirms these effects are already visible. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: According to Source A, temperatures have risen, and Source B's data on coral reef decline confirms these effects are already visible.

Synthesis connects information from multiple sources to build a point, unlike summary which restates one source at a time.

Question 11: A right triangle has legs of length 9 and 12. What is the length of the hypotenuse?

15 (Correct answer)
13
14
17

Correct answer: 15

By the Pythagorean theorem: c² = 9² + 12² = 81 + 144 = 225, so c = 15.

Question 12: The graph shows the height of a ball thrown into the air over time. The highest point on the graph is (3, 25). What is the maximum height the ball reaches?

25 (Correct answer)
28
It cannot be determined from the graph.
3

Correct answer: 25

The maximum value of a function shown on a graph corresponds to the y-coordinate of the highest point (the vertex or a peak). In this case, the point (3, 25) means that at 3 seconds (x-value), the height is 25 feet (y-value). Therefore, the maximum height is 25.

Question 13: From the passage: 'The professor's lecture was so esoteric that only specialists in the field could follow it.' 'Esoteric' means:

delivered in an entertaining manner
understood by only a small group with specialized knowledge (Correct answer)
based entirely on opinion
simple and accessible to everyone

Correct answer: understood by only a small group with specialized knowledge

Esoteric describes something intended for or understood by only a small, specialized group.

Question 14: When a reader 'reads between the lines,' they are:

making inferences based on implicit textual clues (Correct answer)
summarizing every sentence
skimming for main ideas only
identifying spelling errors

Correct answer: making inferences based on implicit textual clues

Reading between the lines means drawing inferences from what the text implies rather than what it states outright.

Question 15: What is the primary benefit of forming a study group with peers for NJGPA preparation?

It allows students to divide and share answers during the actual exam
Groups can collectively petition for a higher score
Study groups replace the need for teacher feedback
Discussing and explaining concepts to others deepens understanding and reveals misunderstandings (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Discussing and explaining concepts to others deepens understanding and reveals misunderstandings

Teaching and discussing material with peers activates higher-order thinking and helps students solidify understanding of complex NJGPA concepts.

Question 16: A cell phone plan charges a flat fee of $25 per month plus $0.10 per text message. If Maria's bill was $43, which equation can be used to find the number of text messages t she sent?

25t + 0.10 = 43
0.10 + 25t = 43
25 + 43t = 0.10
0.10t + 25 = 43 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 0.10t + 25 = 43

The flat fee is $25 and each text costs $0.10, so 0.10t + 25 = 43.

Question 17: Which of the following BEST describes the purpose of a concluding paragraph in an informational text?

to present the opposing viewpoint in full
to define technical vocabulary used earlier
to restate the central idea and reinforce key points (Correct answer)
to introduce new evidence the reader hasn't seen

Correct answer: to restate the central idea and reinforce key points

A conclusion synthesizes the main argument and key supporting points rather than introducing new information.

Question 18: A 6-foot tall person casts a 4-foot shadow. At the same time, a nearby flagpole casts a 20-foot shadow. How tall is the flagpole?

24 feet
28 feet
40 feet
30 feet (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 30 feet

The person and their shadow, and the flagpole and its shadow, form two similar right triangles. Set up a proportion of corresponding sides: (person's height) / (person's shadow) = (flagpole's height) / (flagpole's shadow). This gives 6/4 = h/20. Cross-multiply to get 4h = 120, so h = 30 feet.

Question 19: Which sentence demonstrates the correct way to integrate a quotation from page 25 of a book by author Jane Doe?

'The benefits are numerous.' This is what Jane Doe thinks.
The book states, 'The benefits are numerous.' (Jane Doe, page 25).
One author argues that 'the benefits are numerous' (Doe 25). (Correct answer)
Jane Doe on page 25 says 'The benefits are numerous.'

Correct answer: One author argues that 'the benefits are numerous' (Doe 25).

This option correctly integrates the quotation by providing context ('argues that'), enclosing the quote in quotation marks, and including a proper parenthetical citation with the author's last name and the page number.

Question 20: From the essay: 'The researcher's findings were deemed spurious because the data had been selectively reported.' 'Spurious' means:

statistically significant
groundbreaking and influential
widely accepted by experts
false or not genuine; misleading (Correct answer)

Correct answer: false or not genuine; misleading

'Spurious' describes something that is false, fake, or based on misleading reasoning.

Question 21: A student writes: 'Many experts agree that exercise improves mental health (Source A; Source B).' This technique is an example of:

Paraphrase without attribution
Contradiction — showing sources disagree
Corroboration — using multiple sources to reinforce the same point (Correct answer)
Plagiarism

Correct answer: Corroboration — using multiple sources to reinforce the same point

Citing multiple sources that agree on a point is called corroboration, and it strengthens the credibility of the claim.

Question 22: A jacket is on sale for 30% off its original price p. After the discount, a 7% sales tax is applied. Which expression gives the final price?

0.30p × 1.07
p − 0.30 + 0.07
0.70p + 0.07
0.70p × 1.07 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 0.70p × 1.07

After 30% off, the price is 0.70p; with 7% tax, the final price is 0.70p × 1.07.

Question 23: Read: 'The committee, despite months of debate, reached no conclusion.' A reader asks: 'Why did the committee fail to decide?' The text does NOT answer this directly. What should the reader do?

Make an inference using context clues and prior knowledge. (Correct answer)
Look only at the first sentence of the passage.
Assume the committee was incompetent.
Skip the question since the answer isn't stated.

Correct answer: Make an inference using context clues and prior knowledge.

When a text implies something without stating it, readers use context clues and background knowledge to form a reasonable inference.

Question 24: A student who passed both NJGPA components would most accurately be described as having:

Automatically qualified for admission to New Jersey public colleges
Demonstrated advanced proficiency above grade-level expectations
Met the assessment-based graduation pathway requirement in ELA and math (Correct answer)
Completed all requirements needed to receive a diploma immediately

Correct answer: Met the assessment-based graduation pathway requirement in ELA and math

Passing both NJGPA components satisfies the assessment-based graduation pathway requirement, though other requirements (course credits, etc.) must still be met.

Question 25: Which NJGPA subject area uses a separate scoring scale from the ELA component?

Social Studies
Geometry
Algebra I (Correct answer)
Reading

Correct answer: Algebra I

The NJGPA has distinct components for ELA and mathematics (Algebra I), each with its own scoring scale and performance levels.

Question 26: The text reads: 'His writing was praised for its lucid explanations of complex scientific topics.' 'Lucid' most nearly means:

clearly expressed and easy to understand (Correct answer)
technical and jargon-filled
emotionally moving
lengthy and thorough

Correct answer: clearly expressed and easy to understand

'Lucid' means expressed clearly and easily understood, especially when dealing with complex ideas.

Question 27: An author writing about vaccine development chooses to present information as a timeline from early experiments to modern mRNA technology. What is the MOST likely reason for this structural choice?

To describe the physical process of how a vaccine works in the body
To compare vaccines made in different countries
To show how scientific progress builds on earlier discoveries over time (Correct answer)
To argue that older vaccines were ineffective

Correct answer: To show how scientific progress builds on earlier discoveries over time

A chronological timeline structure effectively shows how scientific knowledge accumulates and each discovery builds on previous work.

Question 28: What role do local school districts play in NJGPA administration?

They set their own cut scores independently of the state
They are responsible for administering the test and ensuring students who qualify are registered (Correct answer)
They create the test content each year
They determine which students are exempt from taking the NJGPA

Correct answer: They are responsible for administering the test and ensuring students who qualify are registered

Districts administer the NJGPA following NJDOE protocols and ensure eligible students are registered for the assessment.

Question 29: Your claim is: 'Implementing a four-day work week can lead to reduced operational costs for businesses.' Which piece of evidence from a source best supports this claim?

'Our company saw a 20% decrease in electricity and other utility bills after we closed the office on Fridays.' (Correct answer)
'The four-day work week is a revolutionary idea that challenges traditional corporate culture.'
'In a recent survey, 78% of employees reported a better work-life balance after switching to a four-day week.'
'Some managers worry that a shorter week could lead to missed deadlines.'

Correct answer: 'Our company saw a 20% decrease in electricity and other utility bills after we closed the office on Fridays.'

This piece of evidence directly supports the claim about 'reduced operational costs.' The 20% reduction in electricity and utility usage is a specific, quantifiable example of how a company can save money by closing its office for an extra day.

Question 30: In the RST, why is it important to cite your sources within the essay body?

To make the essay longer and meet the word count
Because the grader will not read the essay without citations
Citations are optional if you paraphrase instead of quote
To show readers where the information comes from and support your credibility (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To show readers where the information comes from and support your credibility

In-text citations tell readers where evidence originates, which builds trust and satisfies the RST requirement of using textual evidence.

Question 31: What is the role of standard-setting panels in NJGPA scoring?

They determine which students pass the Portfolio Appeal
They write the test questions
They score individual student essays
They recommend cut scores that define performance level boundaries (Correct answer)

Correct answer: They recommend cut scores that define performance level boundaries

Standard-setting panels of educators and stakeholders review assessment data and recommend the cut scores that separate performance levels.

Question 32: In a research-based essay, which sentence functions as an effective topic sentence for a body paragraph?

Exercise is good for people in many ways.
There are many opinions about this topic.
This paragraph will discuss exercise benefits.
Studies show that regular exercise reduces the risk of heart disease by up to 35%. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Studies show that regular exercise reduces the risk of heart disease by up to 35%.

An effective topic sentence makes a specific, supportable claim that the rest of the paragraph will develop with evidence.

Question 33: In parallelogram ABCD, angle A = 65°. What is the measure of angle C?

115°
90°
130°
65° (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 65°

Opposite angles of a parallelogram are congruent, so angle C = angle A = 65°.

Question 34: The article states: 'Critics called the budget cuts draconian, arguing they would devastate social services.' 'Draconian' most nearly means:

gradually implemented
excessively harsh and severe (Correct answer)
economically necessary
carefully considered and balanced

Correct answer: excessively harsh and severe

'Draconian' describes measures that are extremely harsh or strict, often disproportionately so.

Question 35: Which study technique is most effective for improving NJGPA evidence-based writing skills?

Memorizing vocabulary word lists unrelated to texts
Practicing writing claims supported by specific textual evidence from passages (Correct answer)
Focusing exclusively on grammar drills
Reading only fiction texts to improve comprehension

Correct answer: Practicing writing claims supported by specific textual evidence from passages

NJGPA writing tasks require students to anchor arguments in evidence from provided passages, making this the most directly transferable skill.

Question 36: A farmer wants to fence a rectangular pen along a barn wall using 80 feet of fencing for 3 sides. If the width is w, what is the maximum area when the length is 80 − 2w?

w(80 − 2w) (Correct answer)
2w(80 − w)
80w − 2
w + 80 − 2w

Correct answer: w(80 − 2w)

Area = width × length = w(80 − 2w).

Question 37: The article states: 'The diplomat sought to mitigate tensions between the two nations through careful negotiation.' What does 'mitigate' mean?

to lessen or moderate the severity of (Correct answer)
to ignore and set aside
to intensify or worsen
to document and record

Correct answer: to lessen or moderate the severity of

To mitigate means to make something less severe, serious, or painful.

Question 38: Which group has specific accommodations provisions under NJGPA requirements?

Students with grade point averages above 3.5
Students enrolled in AP courses
Students with disabilities and English learners (Correct answer)
Students who previously passed the PARCC exam

Correct answer: Students with disabilities and English learners

The NJGPA requires accommodations for students with disabilities (per IEPs/504 plans) and supports for English learners to ensure equitable access.

Question 39: Which New Jersey graduation requirement is the NJGPA designed to fulfill?

The elective credit pathway requirement
The statewide assessment component of the high school diploma requirements (Correct answer)
The community service hours requirement
The physical education credit requirement

Correct answer: The statewide assessment component of the high school diploma requirements

The NJGPA serves as the required statewide assessment component students must address to earn a New Jersey high school diploma.

Question 40: A student's RST prompt asks: 'What are the effects of social media on teenagers?' Which thesis BEST sets up a well-synthesized essay?

While social media offers teenagers connection and self-expression, research shows it also raises significant risks to mental health and academic focus. (Correct answer)
Social media exists and teenagers use it every day.
I think social media is bad for teenagers.
Source A and Source B both talk about social media and teenagers.

Correct answer: While social media offers teenagers connection and self-expression, research shows it also raises significant risks to mental health and academic focus.

A strong thesis introduces the complexity of the topic and previews the argument the synthesis will support.

Question 41: What does the term 'cut score' mean in the context of NJGPA results?

The highest possible score a student can earn
The score used to rank schools statewide
The minimum score required to demonstrate proficiency on the assessment (Correct answer)
The average score across all test-takers in New Jersey

Correct answer: The minimum score required to demonstrate proficiency on the assessment

A cut score is the performance threshold set by NJDOE that separates proficient from non-proficient performance on the NJGPA.

Question 42: When planning an essay using multiple sources, what is the most important first step after reading and annotating the sources?

Write the conclusion paragraph.
Check for spelling and grammar errors.
Develop a controlling thesis statement that synthesizes information from the sources. (Correct answer)
Choose five direct quotations to use in the essay.

Correct answer: Develop a controlling thesis statement that synthesizes information from the sources.

Before you can begin writing, you need a central argument, or thesis statement, that will guide your entire essay. This thesis should be based on the information you synthesized from the sources and will determine what evidence you select and how you structure your body paragraphs.

Question 43: An author writing about the benefits of renewable energy includes a paragraph acknowledging the high installation costs of solar panels. This inclusion demonstrates:

A logical fallacy
An off-topic digression
Intellectual honesty that strengthens credibility (Correct answer)
Weak argumentation

Correct answer: Intellectual honesty that strengthens credibility

Acknowledging limitations or counterarguments shows intellectual honesty and builds the author's ethos with the reader.

Question 44: An article details the step-by-step process of how recycling is sorted and processed, lists statistics on landfill waste, and concludes by describing new technologies in waste management. What is the author's primary purpose?

To criticize current waste management policies
To persuade readers to recycle more often
To entertain readers with a story about recycling
To inform readers about the recycling process and waste management (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To inform readers about the recycling process and waste management

The author's primary purpose is to inform. The text focuses on providing factual details, statistics, and descriptions of a process and technology without trying to persuade the reader to take a specific action or entertaining them with a narrative.

Question 45: Source 1 describes the rapid advancement of AI in creative fields. Source 2 details the potential for AI to automate logistical tasks. Source 3 discusses ethical concerns regarding AI decision-making. Based on these sources, what is a reasonable conclusion?

AI's growing capabilities will impact various sectors, raising both opportunities and ethical questions. (Correct answer)
AI is primarily a threat to logistical and transportation jobs.
The development of AI has no significant downsides.
AI will only be useful for creative tasks.

Correct answer: AI's growing capabilities will impact various sectors, raising both opportunities and ethical questions.

This conclusion synthesizes the information from all three sources. It acknowledges the advancements (Sources 1 & 2), the different areas of impact (creative and logistical), and the associated challenges (Source 3), showing a comprehensive understanding of the topic.

Question 46: Which question would BEST help a reader identify the central idea of an informational article?

How long is each paragraph?
What examples does the author use first?
What point is the author repeatedly making throughout the text? (Correct answer)
What vocabulary words are new to me?

Correct answer: What point is the author repeatedly making throughout the text?

The central idea is the dominant point an author makes throughout a text, so tracking repeated claims leads you to it.

Question 47: Read this sentence from a passage about a new technology: 'The innovation unleashed a wave of creativity among developers.' How does the author's use of the word 'unleashed' affect the meaning of the sentence?

It indicates that the creativity was expected and predictable.
It implies the innovation was a dangerous development.
It suggests the creativity was chaotic and uncontrolled.
It emphasizes the powerful and sudden impact of the innovation. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: It emphasizes the powerful and sudden impact of the innovation.

The word 'unleashed' has a strong, energetic connotation, suggesting a powerful and sudden release of something that was previously held back. This word choice implies that the creativity was not just started but was set free in a dynamic and impactful way, which is more powerful than simply 'started' or 'caused'.

Question 48: Which of the following is an example of plagiarism in an RST essay?

Using an idea from a source and explaining it in your own words with a citation
Paraphrasing a source and including an in-text citation
Copying a sentence from a source word-for-word without quotation marks or citation (Correct answer)
Quoting a source with quotation marks and a citation

Correct answer: Copying a sentence from a source word-for-word without quotation marks or citation

Copying text without quotation marks or attribution is plagiarism, even in a test setting, because it does not acknowledge the original author.

Question 49: An author opens an article about climate change with a striking statistic about rising sea levels before exploring causes and solutions. What structural technique is the author using?

Compare and contrast
Definition and example
Chronological order
Hook followed by problem-solution structure (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Hook followed by problem-solution structure

Using a striking statistic as an opening hook draws readers in before the author transitions into a problem-solution structure.

Question 50: A student reads a source and disagrees with its conclusion. How should this affect their RST essay?

Use the source's evidence selectively and explain why the conclusion is flawed (Correct answer)
Agree with the source to avoid controversy
Report the source to the teacher as biased
Ignore that source entirely

Correct answer: Use the source's evidence selectively and explain why the conclusion is flawed

Engaging critically with a source — using its evidence while challenging its conclusion — demonstrates the analytical thinking the RST rewards.

Question 51: Which scenario shows a student FAILING to synthesize sources effectively?

Summarizing Source 1 in paragraph 2, then summarizing Source 2 in paragraph 3, with no connection between them (Correct answer)
Drawing a connection between a statistic in Source A and an example in Source C
Using evidence from all three sources to build toward a conclusion
Noting that Source A and Source B both support the claim with different types of evidence

Correct answer: Summarizing Source 1 in paragraph 2, then summarizing Source 2 in paragraph 3, with no connection between them

Writing separate summaries of each source without connecting them is a summary, not a synthesis — it misses the point of the RST task.

Question 52: The following scores were recorded: 65, 70, 70, 75, 80, 85, 95. What is the median?

75 (Correct answer)
80
74
70

Correct answer: 75

When 7 values are listed in order, the median is the 4th value: 65, 70, 70, 75, 80, 85, 95 — so the median is 75.

Question 53: A triangle has side lengths of 8 cm, 15 cm, and 17 cm. Which statement is true about this triangle?

It is an obtuse triangle.
It is a right triangle. (Correct answer)
It is not a valid triangle.
It is an acute triangle.

Correct answer: It is a right triangle.

To determine if it's a right triangle, use the converse of the Pythagorean theorem: a² + b² = c². Check if 8² + 15² = 17². This becomes 64 + 225 = 289, which simplifies to 289 = 289. Since the equation is true, the triangle is a right triangle.

Question 54: The text reads: 'The novel's protagonist undergoes a profound metamorphosis by the final chapter.' 'Metamorphosis' most nearly means:

a minor setback or obstacle
a series of conflicts
a complete transformation or change (Correct answer)
a sudden realization or insight

Correct answer: a complete transformation or change

Metamorphosis refers to a significant transformation in form, nature, or character.

Question 55: What is the PRIMARY purpose of the Research Simulation Task on the NJGPA?

To test how fast a student can read
To see whether students can memorize facts about a topic
To measure a student's ability to read multiple sources critically and write an evidence-based essay (Correct answer)
To check spelling and grammar only

Correct answer: To measure a student's ability to read multiple sources critically and write an evidence-based essay

The RST assesses whether students can read, analyze, and synthesize information from multiple sources into a coherent, evidence-based essay.

Question 56: When selecting which details to include from a source in an RST essay, a student should prioritize details that:

Come from the longest paragraph in the source
Are the most surprising or shocking
Directly support or develop the essay's central argument (Correct answer)
Were published most recently

Correct answer: Directly support or develop the essay's central argument

Relevant evidence is chosen based on how directly it supports your thesis, not based on length, recency, or shock value.

Question 57: The temperature T (°F) must stay between 60°F and 80°F inclusive for an experiment. Which compound inequality represents this?

T ≤ 60 or T ≥ 80
T < 60 or T > 80
60 < T < 80
60 ≤ T ≤ 80 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 60 ≤ T ≤ 80

'Between 60 and 80 inclusive' means T can equal 60 and 80, so 60 ≤ T ≤ 80.

Question 58: From the editorial: 'The CEO's candid admission of failure surprised shareholders accustomed to corporate spin.' The word 'candid' means:

strategically timed
carefully rehearsed
legally required
truthful and straightforward (Correct answer)

Correct answer: truthful and straightforward

'Candid' means being open, honest, and direct, without hiding the truth.

Question 59: A function's table shows inputs 1–5 and the same output value of 7 for each. What is true?

The function is linear with slope 7
The function is constant (Correct answer)
The function has no y-intercept
The function is undefined

Correct answer: The function is constant

When all outputs are equal regardless of input, the function is constant.

Question 60: The circumference of a circle is 31.4 cm. What is its radius? (Use π ≈ 3.14)

10 cm
5 cm (Correct answer)
6 cm
4 cm

Correct answer: 5 cm

C = 2πr, so r = C / (2π) = 31.4 / (2 × 3.14) = 31.4 / 6.28 = 5 cm.

Question 61: An electrician charges $75 for the first hour and $50 for each additional hour. Which equation gives the total cost C for h hours (h > 1)?

C = 75 + 50(h − 1) (Correct answer)
C = 50h + 75
C = 125h − 50
C = 75h

Correct answer: C = 75 + 50(h − 1)

The first hour costs $75 and each additional hour (h − 1 hours) costs $50, so C = 75 + 50(h − 1).

Question 62: On a graph, f(x) increases steeply from x = 0 to x = 2, then levels off. What does the 'leveling off' indicate?

The function becomes undefined
The rate of change is decreasing toward zero (Correct answer)
The function has a zero at x = 2
The function becomes negative

Correct answer: The rate of change is decreasing toward zero

Leveling off means the function's rate of change is slowing and approaching zero.

Question 63: Which statement best describes the function of a concluding paragraph in an informational essay?

It synthesizes the key points and reinforces the central idea (Correct answer)
It lists all sources used in the essay
It presents the opposing viewpoint for the first time
It introduces new evidence to strengthen the argument

Correct answer: It synthesizes the key points and reinforces the central idea

A concluding paragraph synthesizes the main points made throughout the essay and reinforces the central idea without introducing new arguments.

Question 64: Which statement about the NJGPA's relationship to SAT/ACT is accurate?

The NJGPA and SAT are the same assessment administered under different names
New Jersey allows SAT or ACT scores to serve as an alternative graduation pathway alongside the NJGPA (Correct answer)
Students must pass both the NJGPA and the SAT to graduate
The SAT score completely replaces NJGPA participation requirements

Correct answer: New Jersey allows SAT or ACT scores to serve as an alternative graduation pathway alongside the NJGPA

New Jersey's graduation pathway system permits students to use qualifying SAT or ACT scores as one alternative to the NJGPA.

Question 65: Which sentence uses evidence from a source MOST effectively in an RST body paragraph?

Source C reports that dropout rates fell 15% after mentoring programs were introduced, demonstrating that consistent adult support directly improves student retention. (Correct answer)
I agree with Source C because it makes sense.
Source C exists and talks about the problem.
Source C is interesting and has good information about the topic.

Correct answer: Source C reports that dropout rates fell 15% after mentoring programs were introduced, demonstrating that consistent adult support directly improves student retention.

Effective use of evidence includes the specific detail, names the source, and explains what the evidence demonstrates in relation to the argument.

Question 66: Which statistic is used to evaluate the reliability of NJGPA scores across multiple test administrations?

The number of students who passed
Cronbach's alpha or similar reliability coefficient (Correct answer)
The median raw score of all test-takers
The percentage of correct answers per question

Correct answer: Cronbach's alpha or similar reliability coefficient

Reliability coefficients such as Cronbach's alpha measure the internal consistency and stability of scores across administrations.

Question 67: Which of the following is the BEST example of an author using specific word choice to convey a negative tone toward a policy?

'The policy took effect following a standard review period.'
'The bill was signed into law on Tuesday afternoon.'
'Officials rammed through the controversial measure despite widespread opposition.' (Correct answer)
'The legislation was passed with bipartisan support in both chambers.'

Correct answer: 'Officials rammed through the controversial measure despite widespread opposition.'

The word 'rammed' carries a forceful, aggressive connotation and, combined with 'controversial' and 'despite widespread opposition,' signals a clearly negative tone.

Question 68: From the article: 'Despite her aloof demeanor, she was deeply compassionate toward those in need.' 'Aloof' most nearly means:

warm and approachable
cheerful and energetic
aggressive and confrontational
distant and reserved (Correct answer)

Correct answer: distant and reserved

'Aloof' describes someone who is distant, reserved, and not very friendly in manner.

Question 69: In a regular hexagon, what is the measure of each interior angle?

108°
90°
120° (Correct answer)
135°

Correct answer: 120°

Each interior angle of a regular hexagon = (6 − 2) × 180° ÷ 6 = 720° ÷ 6 = 120°.

Question 70: An article about cybersecurity is divided into sections titled 'The Threat,' 'The Vulnerability,' and 'The Solution.' What overall text structure does this suggest?

Descriptive
Compare and contrast
Problem and solution (Correct answer)
Chronological

Correct answer: Problem and solution

Section titles that progress from identifying a threat/vulnerability to offering a solution indicate a problem-solution text structure.

Question 71: Solve for x: |x − 3| = 7

x = 10 or x = −4 (Correct answer)
x = −4 only
x = 4 or x = −10
x = 4 only

Correct answer: x = 10 or x = −4

Setting x − 3 = 7 gives x = 10, and x − 3 = −7 gives x = −4.

Question 72: Which set of numbers could be the side lengths of a right triangle?

3, 6, 8
6, 8, 10 (Correct answer)
4, 7, 9
5, 10, 12

Correct answer: 6, 8, 10

Check: 6² + 8² = 36 + 64 = 100 = 10², confirming a right triangle.

Question 73: An author writing about water conservation uses the phrase 'the root of the problem' when discussing wasteful irrigation practices. This phrase is an example of what literary device?

Metaphor (Correct answer)
Alliteration
Personification
Hyperbole

Correct answer: Metaphor

'The root of the problem' is a metaphor that compares the cause of a problem to the root of a plant.

Question 74: A gym membership costs $40 to join and $30 per month. Kevin has $220 to spend. Which inequality shows the maximum number of months m he can afford?

30m + 40 ≥ 220
40m + 30 ≤ 220
30m + 40 ≤ 220 (Correct answer)
30m − 40 ≤ 220

Correct answer: 30m + 40 ≤ 220

Total cost is 30m + 40, and it must be at most $220, so 30m + 40 ≤ 220.

Question 75: Which of the following best describes the function of textual evidence in a persuasive essay?

To provide credible support for the author's claims. (Correct answer)
To demonstrate the author's extensive vocabulary.
To introduce opposing viewpoints and counterarguments.
To increase the word count of the essay.

Correct answer: To provide credible support for the author's claims.

The primary function of textual evidence is to act as proof for the claims made by the essay's author. By citing specific, relevant evidence from a text, the writer adds credibility and validity to their argument, moving it from mere opinion to a well-supported position.

Question 76: What is the primary purpose of NJGPA performance level descriptors (PLDs)?

To rank schools nationally
To determine a teacher's salary
To assign letter grades to students
To describe the knowledge and skills typical of each performance level (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To describe the knowledge and skills typical of each performance level

PLDs describe what students who score at each level typically know and can do, aiding interpretation of results.

Question 77: A tangent and a secant are drawn from an external point to a circle. The tangent has length 8 and the external segment of the secant is 4. What is the length of the whole secant?

20
8
16 (Correct answer)
12

Correct answer: 16

Tangent-secant theorem: tangent² = external segment × whole secant, so 64 = 4 × whole secant, giving 16.

Question 78: A function is represented by a continuous graph that starts at the point (-4, 2) and ends at the point (5, -1). What is the domain of the function?

All real numbers
[-4, 5] (Correct answer)
{-4, 5}
[-1, 2]

Correct answer: [-4, 5]

The domain of a function refers to all possible x-values. Since the graph is continuous and extends from an x-value of -4 to an x-value of 5, inclusive, the domain is all real numbers between -4 and 5, which is written as [-4, 5] or -4 ≤ x ≤ 5.

Question 79: The article states: 'Her laconic response frustrated the interviewer who had expected a detailed answer.' 'Laconic' most nearly means:

emotionally charged
using very few words (Correct answer)
confused and uncertain
enthusiastic and energetic

Correct answer: using very few words

'Laconic' describes speech or writing that uses very few words to express a great deal.

Question 80: In a circle, a central angle intercepts an arc of 140°. What is the measure of an inscribed angle that intercepts the same arc?

140°
35°
70° (Correct answer)
280°

Correct answer: 70°

The Inscribed Angle Theorem states that an inscribed angle is half the central angle that intercepts the same arc: 140° ÷ 2 = 70°.

NJGPA Exam

The NJGPA is New Jersey's grade 11 graduation proficiency assessment in English Language Arts and Mathematics, required for high school graduation.

Questions

240 min

Time Limit

50%

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