NJGPA Exam — Questions and Answers

Question 1: A bag contains 3 red marbles, 5 blue marbles, and 2 green marbles. If one marble is drawn at random, what is the probability it is blue?

1/5
3/10
2/5
1/2 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 1/2

There are 5 blue marbles out of 10 total (3+5+2=10), so the probability is 5/10 = 1/2.

Question 2: During the RST, you are given three sources: an article, a chart, and a video transcript. Which step should come FIRST?

Write your thesis immediately based on the prompt
Skim all three sources quickly to get a general sense of each before reading closely (Correct answer)
Watch the video transcript last since visuals are less important
Read only the article because it has the most words

Correct answer: Skim all three sources quickly to get a general sense of each before reading closely

Previewing all sources before close reading helps you understand the overall landscape of information and plan your synthesis strategy.

Question 3: In a circle, a central angle intercepts an arc of 140°. What is the measure of an inscribed angle that intercepts the same arc?

35°
140°
70° (Correct answer)
280°

Correct answer: 70°

The Inscribed Angle Theorem states that an inscribed angle is half the central angle that intercepts the same arc: 140° ÷ 2 = 70°.

Question 4: A triangle has side lengths of 8 cm, 15 cm, and 17 cm. Which statement is true about this triangle?

It is a right triangle. (Correct answer)
It is an obtuse triangle.
It is an acute triangle.
It is not a valid triangle.

Correct answer: It is a right triangle.

To determine if it's a right triangle, use the converse of the Pythagorean theorem: a² + b² = c². Check if 8² + 15² = 17². This becomes 64 + 225 = 289, which simplifies to 289 = 289. Since the equation is true, the triangle is a right triangle.

Question 5: What happens if a student does not meet the required proficiency on the NJGPA?

The student must retake the test or complete an alternative assessment. (Correct answer)
The student can take the test again in college.
The student receives a special diploma.
The student automatically fails high school.

Correct answer: The student must retake the test or complete an alternative assessment.

If a student does not achieve proficiency on the NJGPA, they are not automatically failed but are given opportunities to meet the graduation requirement. This typically involves retaking the assessment or completing an approved alternative assessment. These options are designed to provide students with multiple pathways to demonstrate their academic readiness for graduation.

Question 6: A data set of test scores has a mean of 78 and a standard deviation of 5. Which score is closest to 2 standard deviations above the mean?

83
85
90
88 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 88

Two standard deviations above the mean: 78 + 2(5) = 78 + 10 = 88.

Question 7: A chart in one of the RST sources shows a sharp rise in ocean temperatures over 50 years. How should a student use this visual data in their essay?

Reference the specific trend shown in the chart and connect it to the essay's argument (Correct answer)
Describe the chart in full detail as a separate paragraph
Ignore charts because they are not text sources
Copy the chart's numbers into the essay without explanation

Correct answer: Reference the specific trend shown in the chart and connect it to the essay's argument

Visual data should be referenced by describing the specific trend and connecting it explicitly to the point you are making in your argument.

Question 8: In right triangle DEF with the right angle at E, DE = 9 and EF = 12. What is the length of DF?

√225
15 (Correct answer)
21
18

Correct answer: 15

By the Pythagorean Theorem, DF = √(9² + 12²) = √(81 + 144) = √225 = 15.

Question 9: When citing textual evidence in a literary analysis, a student should:

copy long paragraphs without explanation
avoid using quotation marks
rely only on the author's biography
use a quote that connects directly to the argument being made (Correct answer)

Correct answer: use a quote that connects directly to the argument being made

Effective textual evidence is specific and directly supports the analytical claim being made.

Question 10: Solve the system: y = 2x + 1 and y = -x + 7

(3, 4)
(4, 3)
(2, 5) (Correct answer)
(1, 3)

Correct answer: (2, 5)

Set 2x + 1 = -x + 7, so 3x = 6, x = 2, and y = 2(2) + 1 = 5.

Question 11: The passage includes: 'She remained steadfast in her convictions despite intense pressure to change her position.' 'Steadfast' means:

uncertain and hesitant
easily influenced by others
openly aggressive
firm and unwavering in belief or purpose (Correct answer)

Correct answer: firm and unwavering in belief or purpose

'Steadfast' describes someone who is resolutely or dutifully firm and does not waver.

Question 12: What does 'equating' accomplish in NJGPA score reporting?

It ensures all students take the exact same test form
It averages scores across all students in a school
It converts percentage correct directly to a letter grade
It adjusts for differences in difficulty across test forms so scores are comparable (Correct answer)

Correct answer: It adjusts for differences in difficulty across test forms so scores are comparable

Equating is a statistical process that adjusts scale scores so that students taking different test forms receive comparable scores.

Question 13: In parallelogram ABCD, angle A = 65°. What is the measure of angle C?

115°
65° (Correct answer)
130°
90°

Correct answer: 65°

Opposite angles of a parallelogram are congruent, so angle C = angle A = 65°.

Question 14: When an author of a scientific article uses passive voice ('It was found that...') instead of active voice ('Researchers found that...'), what is the MOST LIKELY reason?

To make the text more engaging and personal for general audiences
To hide the identity of the scientists involved in the study
To emphasize objectivity and focus on findings rather than the researchers (Correct answer)
The author does not know who conducted the research

Correct answer: To emphasize objectivity and focus on findings rather than the researchers

Scientific writing often uses passive voice to emphasize the findings themselves and convey objectivity rather than focusing on who performed the action.

Question 15: An environmental report uses the phrase 'a ticking time bomb' to describe melting permafrost. This phrase is primarily an example of:

A literal scientific description
A simile comparing two natural events
A metaphor that conveys urgency and danger (Correct answer)
An understatement that minimizes the problem

Correct answer: A metaphor that conveys urgency and danger

'A ticking time bomb' is a metaphor that creates a sense of urgency by comparing permafrost melt to an imminent explosive device.

Question 16: Quadrilateral ABCD is a rhombus with diagonals AC and BD intersecting at E. If AC = 16 and BD = 12, what is the length of one side of the rhombus?

10 (Correct answer)
8
14
12

Correct answer: 10

Diagonals of a rhombus bisect each other perpendicularly, so each half is 8 and 6; side = √(8² + 6²) = √100 = 10.

Question 17: You are writing an essay on the impact of artificial intelligence on the job market. Which of the following sources would be the MOST credible to use as evidence?

A viral social media thread discussing fears about AI.
A blog post by a tech enthusiast sharing their personal opinions.
A research paper published by economists at a major university. (Correct answer)
A marketing brochure from a company that sells AI software.

Correct answer: A research paper published by economists at a major university.

For an academic or research-based essay, a study from a reputable university is considered a highly credible source. It implies peer review, rigorous methodology, and an objective approach, unlike a personal blog, a company's promotional material, or an unverified social media post.

Question 18: A literary analysis essay claims that the protagonist's journey in a novel represents a struggle for identity. Which piece of textual evidence would be LEAST relevant to supporting this claim?

A detailed description of the novel's geographical setting. (Correct answer)
Dialogue where the protagonist argues with a parent about their future.
A passage where the protagonist changes their name or appearance.
A scene where the protagonist questions their own values and beliefs.

Correct answer: A detailed description of the novel's geographical setting.

While the setting can influence a character, a description of the geography itself is the least directly relevant piece of evidence for a claim about an internal struggle for identity. The other options—questioning values, arguing about the future, and changing one's name/appearance—all provide direct evidence of the protagonist's internal conflict and search for self.

Question 19: Factor completely: 2x² + 8x

x(2x + 8)
2(x² + 4x)
2x(x + 4) (Correct answer)
2(x + 4)

Correct answer: 2x(x + 4)

Factor out the GCF of 2x: 2x² + 8x = 2x(x + 4).

Question 20: What is the primary benefit of forming a study group with peers for NJGPA preparation?

Groups can collectively petition for a higher score
It allows students to divide and share answers during the actual exam
Study groups replace the need for teacher feedback
Discussing and explaining concepts to others deepens understanding and reveals misunderstandings (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Discussing and explaining concepts to others deepens understanding and reveals misunderstandings

Teaching and discussing material with peers activates higher-order thinking and helps students solidify understanding of complex NJGPA concepts.

Question 21: Why might a grader score an RST essay low on 'development' even if it has correct grammar?

The evidence cited is too specific
The essay has more than five paragraphs
The essay uses too many transition words
The essay makes claims without supporting them with evidence or analysis from the sources (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The essay makes claims without supporting them with evidence or analysis from the sources

Development scores reflect how well claims are supported and explained using textual evidence; grammatical correctness alone cannot earn high development marks.

Question 22: The sentence reads: 'Her equivocal answer left the jury unsure of whether she was telling the truth.' 'Equivocal' means:

clear and straightforward
emotionally powerful
deliberately ambiguous or uncertain (Correct answer)
factually incorrect

Correct answer: deliberately ambiguous or uncertain

'Equivocal' describes a statement that can be interpreted in more than one way, often intentionally.

Question 23: In an article arguing for stricter environmental regulations, the author writes, 'Can we truly afford to wait another decade while our planet suffers?' What is the most likely effect of this rhetorical question?

To create a sense of confusion in the reader
To request specific data from environmental scientists
To suggest that the author is unsure about the solution
To prompt the reader to agree with the urgency of the situation (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To prompt the reader to agree with the urgency of the situation

Rhetorical questions are not meant to be answered but are used to make a point or create an emotional effect. In this case, the question encourages readers to agree with the implied answer—that we cannot afford to wait—thereby strengthening the author's argument for immediate action.

Question 24: Which types of questions are included in the NJGPA?

Oral and practical assessment
True/False and Fill-in-the-Blank questions
Multiple-choice and open-ended questions (Correct answer)
Matching and long essay questions

Correct answer: Multiple-choice and open-ended questions

The NJGPA (New Jersey Graduation Proficiency Assessment) is designed to comprehensively evaluate a student's readiness for graduation. It includes a combination of multiple-choice questions, which assess foundational knowledge and understanding, and open-ended questions, which require more in-depth analysis, critical thinking, and written responses. This variety allows for a thorough assessment of different cognitive skills.

Question 25: A New Jersey high school student who entered 9th grade in fall 2023 would first be eligible to take the NJGPA in which grade?

10th grade
11th grade (Correct answer)
9th grade
12th grade

Correct answer: 11th grade

The NJGPA is administered in 11th grade as part of New Jersey's graduation requirements.

Question 26: How does the NJGPA scoring account for students who answer essay or extended-response questions?

Trained human scorers apply a rubric
A combination of machine pre-scoring and human scorer review (Correct answer)
Teachers score their own students' essays
Machine scoring only

Correct answer: A combination of machine pre-scoring and human scorer review

Extended responses on state assessments like the NJGPA typically use a combination of automated pre-scoring and trained human scorer adjudication.

Question 27: A student writing an RST essay finds that two sources contradict each other on a key point. What is the BEST strategy?

Pick the longer source because it is more reliable
Acknowledge the contradiction and explain which evidence is more convincing and why (Correct answer)
Use only one source to avoid confusing the reader
Ignore the source that disagrees with your thesis

Correct answer: Acknowledge the contradiction and explain which evidence is more convincing and why

Acknowledging contradictions and evaluating the evidence strengthens your argument by showing critical thinking about source reliability.

Question 28: A parent wants to support their child's NJGPA math preparation at home. Which strategy is most effective?

Contacting the state testing office to obtain answer keys
Reviewing released NJGPA math items together and discussing reasoning (Correct answer)
Having the student skip homework to focus solely on NJGPA drills
Purchasing a general standardized-test prep book unrelated to NJ standards

Correct answer: Reviewing released NJGPA math items together and discussing reasoning

Released NJGPA items are publicly available and directly aligned to tested skills, making them the most targeted at-home practice tool.

Question 29: The sentence states: 'His meticulous record-keeping made the audit process straightforward.' What does 'meticulous' mean?

based on memory alone
done in a hurry
careless and disorganized
done with great attention to detail (Correct answer)

Correct answer: done with great attention to detail

'Meticulous' means showing great care and precision in handling details.

Question 30: What is the purpose of remediation offered by schools for the NJGPA?

To allow students to skip the NJGPA
To teach students unrelated skills, such as physical fitness
To help students improve in areas where they are struggling before retaking the test (Correct answer)
To give students extra points for taking the test

Correct answer: To help students improve in areas where they are struggling before retaking the test

Remediation for the NJGPA is designed to provide targeted academic support to students who did not achieve proficiency. Its purpose is to address specific learning gaps in English Language Arts and Mathematics, helping students strengthen their skills. This intervention aims to prepare them more effectively for a retake, increasing their chances of meeting the graduation requirement.

Question 31: A student reads a source and disagrees with its conclusion. How should this affect their RST essay?

Agree with the source to avoid controversy
Report the source to the teacher as biased
Ignore that source entirely
Use the source's evidence selectively and explain why the conclusion is flawed (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Use the source's evidence selectively and explain why the conclusion is flawed

Engaging critically with a source — using its evidence while challenging its conclusion — demonstrates the analytical thinking the RST rewards.

Question 32: The phrase 'the roaring twenties' uses which figurative device to describe the decade of the 1920s?

simile
onomatopoeia and metaphor (Correct answer)
alliteration and personification
irony

Correct answer: onomatopoeia and metaphor

'Roaring' is onomatopoeic (suggests sound/energy) and metaphorically attributes a quality of vigor to an entire decade.

Question 33: Read the sentence: 'The new CEO's plan to revitalize the company was audacious, involving risks that made the board members nervous but also offered the potential for huge rewards.' What is the best meaning of 'audacious' in this context?

Carefully planned
Popular with everyone
Extremely detailed
Bold and daring (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Bold and daring

The plan involved 'risks that made the board members nervous,' which indicates it was not a safe or conventional plan. This suggests the plan was daring and bold, which is the meaning of 'audacious.' The potential for 'huge rewards' also supports this interpretation.

Question 34: Read the sentence: 'The general was a brilliant tactician, but his inability to delegate tasks and his mercurial temperament made him a difficult leader to work for.' What is the meaning of the word 'mercurial' as it is used in the sentence?

Angry and aggressive
Calm and thoughtful
Unpredictable and changeable (Correct answer)
Wise and experienced

Correct answer: Unpredictable and changeable

The context describes the general as a 'difficult leader.' A 'mercurial' temperament contributes to this difficulty, suggesting it is not a stable or predictable quality. It means subject to sudden or unpredictable changes of mood or mind.

Question 35: A student who scores at the 'Exceeding' level on the NJGPA ELA component most likely demonstrates:

Below-grade reading skills with support
Strong analytical writing and complex text interpretation (Correct answer)
Only the ability to identify main ideas
Basic reading comprehension of simple texts

Correct answer: Strong analytical writing and complex text interpretation

Exceeding performance on ELA reflects advanced skills such as analyzing complex texts and producing sophisticated writing.

Question 36: Angles A and B are vertical angles. If angle A = (3x + 10)° and angle B = (5x − 6)°, what is x?

10
8 (Correct answer)
4
6

Correct answer: 8

Vertical angles are congruent: 3x + 10 = 5x − 6, so 16 = 2x, giving x = 8.

Question 37: When comparing two informational texts on the same topic, a reader should first examine:

Which text was published more recently
Each author's purpose, perspective, and structural choices (Correct answer)
Which text is longer and therefore more authoritative
Which text uses more technical vocabulary

Correct answer: Each author's purpose, perspective, and structural choices

Comparing author's purpose, perspective, and structural choices reveals how different authors shape meaning and what influences their presentation of information.

Question 38: A student retaking the NJGPA should MOST focus additional preparation on which area?

The specific performance indicators where their score report showed the lowest proficiency (Correct answer)
The easiest questions to boost overall confidence quickly
Sections that classmates found difficult, not their own results
Topics covered in their 9th-grade coursework regardless of their score report

Correct answer: The specific performance indicators where their score report showed the lowest proficiency

Score reports break down results by standard, allowing students to concentrate effort on the areas where improvement will be most impactful.

Question 39: When NJGPA results are used for school accountability in New Jersey, scores are reported at which level?

School and district aggregate level (Correct answer)
County level only
Classroom level only
Individual student level only

Correct answer: School and district aggregate level

For accountability purposes, NJGPA aggregate scores are reported at the school and district level to measure institutional performance.

Question 40: When planning an essay using multiple sources, what is the most important first step after reading and annotating the sources?

Develop a controlling thesis statement that synthesizes information from the sources. (Correct answer)
Check for spelling and grammar errors.
Choose five direct quotations to use in the essay.
Write the conclusion paragraph.

Correct answer: Develop a controlling thesis statement that synthesizes information from the sources.

Before you can begin writing, you need a central argument, or thesis statement, that will guide your entire essay. This thesis should be based on the information you synthesized from the sources and will determine what evidence you select and how you structure your body paragraphs.

Question 41: Read the passage: 'While her older sister was a social butterfly, always surrounded by friends, Maria was more introverted and taciturn, preferring a quiet evening with a book.' Based on the context, what does 'taciturn' mean?

Saying little; reserved (Correct answer)
Intelligent and studious
Sad and lonely
Friendly and outgoing

Correct answer: Saying little; reserved

The sentence creates a contrast between Maria and her 'social butterfly' sister. Since her sister is outgoing, Maria is the opposite. The phrase 'preferring a quiet evening with a book' further supports the idea that she is reserved and doesn't talk much.

Question 42: An author uses a rhetorical question such as 'How long will we allow pollution to threaten our children's health?' What is the PRIMARY effect of this technique?

It engages readers emotionally and prompts them to reflect on the issue (Correct answer)
It provides a factual answer to a scientific question
It introduces a compare-and-contrast structure
It defines the term 'pollution' for uninformed readers

Correct answer: It engages readers emotionally and prompts them to reflect on the issue

Rhetorical questions engage readers emotionally and encourage them to reflect on an issue without requiring a literal answer.

Question 43: A city park is shaped like a right triangle. The two legs of the triangle measure 8 miles and 15 miles. A new path is being built along the hypotenuse of the triangle. What is the length of the new path?

17 miles (Correct answer)
23 miles
sqrt(161) miles
161 miles

Correct answer: 17 miles

This problem requires the use of the Pythagorean theorem, a² + b² = c², where 'a' and 'b' are the legs of the right triangle and 'c' is the hypotenuse. Substitute the given values: 8² + 15² = c². Calculate the squares: 64 + 225 = c². Add the results: 289 = c². Finally, find the square root of 289 to solve for c: c = √289 = 17. The length of the path is 17 miles.

Question 44: In circle O, arc AB = 80° and arc CD = 40°. Two chords AC and BD intersect inside the circle at point E. What is the measure of angle AEB?

40°
60° (Correct answer)
120°
80°

Correct answer: 60°

The angle formed by two intersecting chords equals half the sum of the intercepted arcs: (80° + 40°) ÷ 2 = 60°.

Question 45: From the text: 'The new manager tried to ameliorate the tense workplace atmosphere with team-building activities.' What does 'ameliorate' mean?

analyze carefully
ignore completely
improve or make better (Correct answer)
make worse

Correct answer: improve or make better

'Ameliorate' means to make something bad or unsatisfactory better.

Question 46: What does it mean to 'evaluate the credibility of a source' when preparing for an RST essay?

Choose the source written by the most famous person
Check whether the source is longer than two pages
Consider the author's expertise, the publication, and whether the claims are supported by evidence (Correct answer)
Reject any source that includes statistics

Correct answer: Consider the author's expertise, the publication, and whether the claims are supported by evidence

Credibility evaluation involves examining the author's qualifications, the publication's reputation, and the quality of evidence — not surface features like length.

Question 47: From the essay: 'The researcher's findings were deemed spurious because the data had been selectively reported.' 'Spurious' means:

widely accepted by experts
statistically significant
false or not genuine; misleading (Correct answer)
groundbreaking and influential

Correct answer: false or not genuine; misleading

'Spurious' describes something that is false, fake, or based on misleading reasoning.

Question 48: In an RST essay conclusion, a student should primarily:

Restate the thesis in new words and briefly reinforce how the evidence supported it (Correct answer)
Introduce a brand-new argument not mentioned in the body
List all the sources used in the essay
Copy the thesis sentence word-for-word from the introduction

Correct answer: Restate the thesis in new words and briefly reinforce how the evidence supported it

A strong conclusion restates the thesis in fresh language and reminds the reader how the evidence built the argument without introducing new ideas.

Question 49: What does the term 'textual evidence' mean in the context of the NJGPA RST?

Specific words, phrases, quotes, or data drawn directly from the provided sources (Correct answer)
Background knowledge the student already knew before the test
Writing a text message to a friend about the sources
Any idea the student thinks of while reading

Correct answer: Specific words, phrases, quotes, or data drawn directly from the provided sources

Textual evidence refers to specific information taken directly from the provided source texts to support your claims.

Question 50: What type of skills are tested in the open-ended questions on the NJGPA?

Simple memorization of math formulas
Basic factual recall
Basic physical education knowledge
Higher-order thinking skills such as analysis and synthesis (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Higher-order thinking skills such as analysis and synthesis

Open-ended questions on the NJGPA are specifically designed to assess higher-order thinking skills, moving beyond simple factual recall. These questions require students to demonstrate abilities such as analysis, synthesis, evaluation, and critical reasoning. This format allows for a deeper assessment of a student's capacity to process information, form arguments, and construct detailed responses.

Question 51: Which organizational structure is MOST appropriate for a multi-source RST essay?

Chronological order based on when the sources were written
Source-by-source: one paragraph per source
Point-by-point: each body paragraph develops one aspect of the argument using relevant evidence from multiple sources (Correct answer)
Alphabetical order based on source titles

Correct answer: Point-by-point: each body paragraph develops one aspect of the argument using relevant evidence from multiple sources

Point-by-point organization groups evidence around key ideas rather than sources, which naturally produces synthesis instead of summary.

Question 52: Two chords intersect inside a circle. One chord is divided into segments of 4 and 9. The other chord is divided into segments of 6 and x. What is x?

9
6 (Correct answer)
8
4

Correct answer: 6

By the Intersecting Chords Theorem, 4 × 9 = 6 × x, so x = 36 ÷ 6 = 6.

Question 53: Which of the following best describes the function of textual evidence in a persuasive essay?

To introduce opposing viewpoints and counterarguments.
To increase the word count of the essay.
To provide credible support for the author's claims. (Correct answer)
To demonstrate the author's extensive vocabulary.

Correct answer: To provide credible support for the author's claims.

The primary function of textual evidence is to act as proof for the claims made by the essay's author. By citing specific, relevant evidence from a text, the writer adds credibility and validity to their argument, moving it from mere opinion to a well-supported position.

Question 54: The graph of a parabola opens downwards and has its vertex at the point (2, 8). On which interval is the function increasing?

(2, ∞)
(-∞, 8)
(-∞, 2) (Correct answer)
(8, ∞)

Correct answer: (-∞, 2)

Since the parabola opens downwards, the function's values increase as x approaches the vertex from the left and decrease as x moves away from the vertex to the right. The x-coordinate of the vertex is 2. Therefore, the function is increasing on the interval from negative infinity up to 2, which is written as (-∞, 2).

Question 55: A frequency table shows that 12 students scored in the 80–89 range out of 40 total students. What percentage of students scored in this range?

33%
30% (Correct answer)
25%
12%

Correct answer: 30%

12 ÷ 40 = 0.30, and 0.30 × 100 = 30%, so 30% of students scored in the 80–89 range.

Question 56: Which of the following would WEAKEN an RST essay argument most significantly?

Including a counterargument and responding to it
Making a claim that is directly contradicted by one of the provided sources without addressing it (Correct answer)
Using evidence from two different sources
Paraphrasing rather than quoting directly

Correct answer: Making a claim that is directly contradicted by one of the provided sources without addressing it

Ignoring evidence in the sources that contradicts your claim makes your argument appear incomplete and weakens your credibility.

Question 57: A truck can carry at most 2,000 pounds. Each crate weighs 150 pounds and the driver weighs 200 pounds. Which inequality gives the maximum number of crates c?

150c + 200 ≤ 2000 (Correct answer)
150c + 200 < 2000
150c ≤ 2000
200c + 150 ≤ 2000

Correct answer: 150c + 200 ≤ 2000

Total weight is 150c + 200, and it must not exceed 2,000: 150c + 200 ≤ 2000.

Question 58: Solve for y: (y/3) + 5 = 11

y = 2
y = 12
y = 48
y = 18 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: y = 18

Subtract 5 to get y/3 = 6, then multiply both sides by 3: y = 18.

Question 59: Read the passage: 'The documentary did not equivocate. It clearly and forcefully presented evidence of the environmental damage, leaving no doubt about the company's responsibility.' Based on the context, what does it mean to 'equivocate'?

To present a popular opinion
To use ambiguous language to conceal the truth (Correct answer)
To investigate thoroughly
To exaggerate for dramatic effect

Correct answer: To use ambiguous language to conceal the truth

The passage states the documentary did *not* equivocate, and then describes what it did instead: it was 'clear and forceful' and left 'no doubt.' This means that to equivocate is the opposite—to be unclear or use ambiguous language to conceal the truth or avoid commitment.

Question 60: A table shows inputs doubling: x = 1, 2, 4, 8 with outputs 0, 3, 6, 9. What type of function might this be?

Exponential
Logarithmic (Correct answer)
Quadratic
Linear

Correct answer: Logarithmic

When inputs grow exponentially but outputs grow linearly (by equal amounts), the function is logarithmic.

Question 61: Line segment MN has midpoint P. If M is at (2, 4) and P is at (5, 7), what are the coordinates of N?

(8, 10) (Correct answer)
(7, 11)
(6, 9)
(3, 3)

Correct answer: (8, 10)

Using the midpoint formula in reverse: N = (2×5 − 2, 2×7 − 4) = (8, 10).

Question 62: What are the solutions to x² - 5x + 6 = 0?

x = -1 and x = 6
x = 2 and x = 3 (Correct answer)
x = 1 and x = 6
x = -2 and x = -3

Correct answer: x = 2 and x = 3

Factor as (x - 2)(x - 3) = 0, giving x = 2 or x = 3.

Question 63: What type of question format requires students to produce a written response rather than select an answer on the NJGPA ELA section?

Selected-response item
Technology-enhanced item with drag-and-drop
Evidence-based selected-response item
Constructed-response item (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Constructed-response item

Constructed-response items require students to write explanations or short essays, directly assessing writing and analytical skills.

Question 64: A data set contains the values 2, 5, 5, 6, 7, 8, 50. Which measure of central tendency would be most misleading when summarizing this data?

Mode
Range
Median
Mean (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Mean

The outlier 50 dramatically pulls the mean upward, making it unrepresentative of the rest of the data.

Question 65: A student reads an informational text that opens with a broad claim, narrows to specific examples, and ends with a restated conclusion. This organizational pattern is best described as:

Inductive structure moving from specific to general
Inverted pyramid
A circular argument
Deductive structure moving from general to specific (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Deductive structure moving from general to specific

Moving from a broad claim to specific supporting examples and then restating the conclusion is a deductive organizational structure.

Question 66: On a graph, the interval where f(x) is increasing transitions to decreasing at x = 3. What occurs at x = 3?

A zero of the function
A minimum value
An asymptote
A maximum value (Correct answer)

Correct answer: A maximum value

The transition from increasing to decreasing marks a local maximum at x = 3.

Question 67: A student includes a long block quote that takes up half a paragraph in their RST essay. What problem does this create?

Quotes must always be shorter than one sentence
Block quotes are forbidden on the NJGPA
It shows the student cannot find good evidence
It reduces the student's opportunity to demonstrate their own analysis and synthesis skills (Correct answer)

Correct answer: It reduces the student's opportunity to demonstrate their own analysis and synthesis skills

Overusing long quotes limits the space for your own analysis, and graders want to see how you interpret and connect evidence, not just copy it.

Question 68: When a student's NJGPA score report shows a 'conditional standard error of measurement (CSEM)', this value indicates:

The margin of uncertainty around the student's scale score at their specific score level (Correct answer)
The difference between ELA and math scores
The school's average score
The exact number of questions the student got wrong

Correct answer: The margin of uncertainty around the student's scale score at their specific score level

CSEM represents the degree of precision (or uncertainty) in a student's score at their particular performance level.

Question 69: Source 1 argues that remote work increases employee productivity and job satisfaction. Source 2 explains that fully remote work can lead to social isolation and weaker team cohesion. Which statement best synthesizes information from both sources?

Remote work is the best model for all companies because it increases productivity.
Source 1 and Source 2 present completely contradictory information about remote work.
Companies should avoid remote work because it harms team cohesion.
While remote work can offer benefits like increased productivity, companies must also address potential downsides such as employee isolation. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: While remote work can offer benefits like increased productivity, companies must also address potential downsides such as employee isolation.

A good synthesis combines key ideas from multiple sources to form a new, more nuanced understanding. This option acknowledges the benefits from Source 1 (productivity, satisfaction) while also incorporating the drawbacks from Source 2 (isolation, weaker cohesion), creating a balanced conclusion.

Question 70: Which equation represents a line with a y-intercept of -3 and a slope of 4?

y = -3x + 4
y = 4x + 3
y = -3x - 4
y = 4x - 3 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: y = 4x - 3

Slope-intercept form is y = mx + b, so y = 4x - 3 has slope 4 and y-intercept -3.

Question 71: A writer uses the structure: Claim → Evidence → Reasoning → Conclusion. The 'Reasoning' step primarily serves to:

Restate the claim
Explain how the evidence supports the claim (Correct answer)
Summarize the entire essay
Introduce new evidence

Correct answer: Explain how the evidence supports the claim

Reasoning bridges the gap between evidence and claim by explaining the logical connection between them.

Question 72: From the text: 'The philanthropist's benevolent donations transformed the impoverished neighborhood.' 'Benevolent' means:

legally required
publicly announced
generous and well-meaning (Correct answer)
reluctant and grudging

Correct answer: generous and well-meaning

'Benevolent' describes someone who is well-meaning, kind, and generous toward others.

Question 73: On the NJGPA RST, the word 'synthesize' in the task directions means:

Choose the best source and ignore the others
Copy information from sources directly
Summarize each source one at a time
Combine information from multiple sources into a unified, original argument (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Combine information from multiple sources into a unified, original argument

Synthesis means combining ideas from multiple sources and your own reasoning into a new, coherent argument — it goes beyond summary.

Question 74: Which federal law influences New Jersey's requirement to administer statewide assessments like the NJGPA?

Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) (Correct answer)
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965
No Child Left Behind Act
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act

Correct answer: Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)

The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) requires states to administer annual statewide assessments and use them in accountability systems.

Question 75: Which structural feature of an informational text helps readers locate specific information quickly without reading the entire text?

Footnotes embedded in the middle of paragraphs
Extended introductory paragraphs
A detailed index or table of contents (Correct answer)
Appendices written in technical language

Correct answer: A detailed index or table of contents

An index or table of contents provides a navigational tool that allows readers to locate specific topics or sections without reading the full text.

Question 76: A passage states: 'Unlike traditional textbooks, digital platforms allow students to revisit lessons at their own pace.' The word 'Unlike' signals which type of text structure?

Compare and contrast (Correct answer)
Chronological order
Cause and effect
Problem and solution

Correct answer: Compare and contrast

'Unlike' explicitly introduces a comparison between two different approaches to learning.

Question 77: The essay contains: 'Unlike his gregarious brother, Marcus was content spending weekends alone with his books.' The word 'gregarious' means:

intelligent and studious
introverted and reserved
sociable and enjoys company (Correct answer)
moody and unpredictable

Correct answer: sociable and enjoys company

'Gregarious' describes someone who is fond of company and enjoys socializing.

Question 78: Which of the following is the STRONGEST evidence that a non-fiction author is credible?

The author writes in the first person.
The author cites peer-reviewed studies and names expert sources. (Correct answer)
The author agrees with popular opinion.
The author uses exciting language throughout.

Correct answer: The author cites peer-reviewed studies and names expert sources.

Citing peer-reviewed research and named experts shows the author grounds claims in verifiable, authoritative sources.

Question 79: Simplify: (3x²y)(4xy³)

7x³y⁴
7x²y³
12x³y⁴ (Correct answer)
12x²y³

Correct answer: 12x³y⁴

Multiply coefficients (3 × 4 = 12) and add exponents: x^(2+1) = x³ and y^(1+3) = y⁴, giving 12x³y⁴.

Question 80: Source 1 describes the rapid advancement of AI in creative fields. Source 2 details the potential for AI to automate logistical tasks. Source 3 discusses ethical concerns regarding AI decision-making. Based on these sources, what is a reasonable conclusion?

AI's growing capabilities will impact various sectors, raising both opportunities and ethical questions. (Correct answer)
AI will only be useful for creative tasks.
The development of AI has no significant downsides.
AI is primarily a threat to logistical and transportation jobs.

Correct answer: AI's growing capabilities will impact various sectors, raising both opportunities and ethical questions.

This conclusion synthesizes the information from all three sources. It acknowledges the advancements (Sources 1 & 2), the different areas of impact (creative and logistical), and the associated challenges (Source 3), showing a comprehensive understanding of the topic.

NJGPA Exam

The NJGPA is New Jersey's grade 11 graduation proficiency assessment in English Language Arts and Mathematics, required for high school graduation.

Questions

240 min

Time Limit

50%

To Pass

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Exam Rules

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