Neurologists Exam Cerebrovascular Disease & Stroke

Question 1

What percentage of all strokes are classified as ischemic strokes?

Accepted Answer

Approximately 87%

Answer

Approximately 50%

Answer

Approximately 70%

Answer

Approximately 95%

Question 2

Which small penetrating arteries are most commonly involved in lacunar infarcts affecting the basal ganglia and internal capsule?

Accepted Answer

Lenticulostriate arteries

Answer

Middle cerebral artery branches

Answer

Posterior cerebral artery branches

Answer

Anterior choroidal artery

Question 3

A patient presents with sudden right-sided face and arm weakness, expressive aphasia, and left gaze preference. Which arterial territory is most likely occluded?

Accepted Answer

Left middle cerebral artery

Answer

Right posterior cerebral artery

Answer

Right anterior cerebral artery

Answer

Left vertebrobasilar artery

Question 4

What is the approved time window for IV alteplase (tPA) administration in eligible acute ischemic stroke patients per current guidelines?

Accepted Answer

Within 3 to 4.5 hours of symptom onset

Answer

Within 1 hour of symptom onset

Answer

Within 6 hours of symptom onset

Answer

Within 12 hours of symptom onset

Question 5

Wallenberg (lateral medullary) syndrome, caused by PICA occlusion, classically presents with which combination of findings?

Accepted Answer

Ipsilateral facial pain/temperature loss, contralateral body pain/temperature loss, vertigo, and dysphagia

Answer

Contralateral hemiplegia and ipsilateral CN VII palsy

Answer

Bilateral leg weakness and urinary retention

Answer

Homonymous hemianopia and visual agnosia

Question 6

Which of the following is the single most important modifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke?

Accepted Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Diabetes mellitus

Answer

Hyperlipidemia

Answer

Atrial fibrillation

Question 7

The NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is used in acute stroke care primarily to:

Accepted Answer

Quantify neurological deficit severity and guide treatment decisions

Answer

Determine the patient's long-term functional prognosis

Answer

Estimate the risk of stroke recurrence within 90 days

Answer

Classify stroke etiology by TOAST criteria