NCWO Continence Care 1

Question 1

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is caused by:

Accepted Answer

Inadequate urethral sphincter resistance during increased intra-abdominal pressure

Answer

Involuntary bladder contractions overcoming sphincter resistance

Answer

Inability to reach the toilet in time due to mobility deficits

Answer

Overflow of urine from an overdistended bladder

Question 2

Overactive bladder (OAB) is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Urgency, with or without urgency incontinence, usually with frequency and nocturia

Answer

Leakage with coughing or lifting due to sphincter weakness

Answer

Inability to empty the bladder causing overflow dribbling

Answer

Loss of urine due to a fistula between bladder and vagina

Question 3

The first-line conservative treatment for stress urinary incontinence in women is:

Accepted Answer

Pelvic floor muscle training (Kegel exercises)

Answer

Anticholinergic medication

Answer

Surgical sling placement

Answer

Indwelling urinary catheter

Question 4

Bladder training for urge incontinence involves:

Accepted Answer

Gradually increasing the interval between voids to re-establish normal bladder capacity

Answer

Catheterizing the patient on a fixed schedule to prevent involuntary voids

Answer

Restricting fluid intake to less than 1000 mL per day

Answer

Applying a pessary to support the bladder neck

Question 5

Prompted voiding is a continence intervention primarily used for:

Accepted Answer

Cognitively impaired or dependent residents who lack independent voiding awareness

Answer

Cognitively intact patients with pure SUI

Answer

Patients with urinary retention requiring intermittent catheterization

Answer

Children with primary nocturnal enuresis

Question 6

Incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) is distinguished from pressure injury by:

Accepted Answer

IAD presents as superficial erythema or skin breakdown caused by moisture/irritants, not pressure

Answer

IAD always has depth into subcutaneous tissue

Answer

IAD exclusively occurs over bony prominences

Answer

IAD causes full-thickness tissue loss