Medical-Surgical: Respiratory Conditions Flashcards
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Read the first 7 Medical-Surgical: Respiratory Conditions flashcards as text
A client is diagnosed with active pulmonary tuberculosis. Which type of isolation precaution is required?
Answer: Airborne precautions with a negative-pressure room
TB spreads via airborne droplet nuclei, requiring a negative-pressure room and N95 respirators.
Which medication for tuberculosis can cause a harmless orange-red discoloration of body fluids?
Answer: Rifampin
Rifampin commonly turns urine, tears, and sweat orange-red, which should be explained to the client.
A client taking isoniazid (INH) should be monitored for which serious adverse effect?
Answer: Hepatotoxicity
INH can cause liver damage, so liver enzymes and signs of hepatitis must be monitored.
Which client statement indicates effective understanding of TB medication therapy?
Answer: I must take all medications for the full course even after I feel better
Completing the full multi-month regimen prevents relapse and drug-resistant TB.
How many negative sputum cultures are generally required before a client with TB is considered noninfectious?
Answer: Three consecutive negative cultures
Three consecutive negative acid-fast bacilli sputum cultures indicate the client is no longer infectious.
A client receiving ethambutol should report which adverse effect immediately?
Answer: Changes in vision or color discrimination
Ethambutol can cause optic neuritis, so visual changes must be reported promptly.
What is the purpose of directly observed therapy (DOT) in tuberculosis treatment?
Answer: To ensure the client actually takes each dose as prescribed
DOT has a health worker watch the client take each dose to maximize adherence and prevent resistance.