NCE Human Growth 4

Question 1

Which developmental milestone is typically achieved first in infancy?

Accepted Answer

Social smiling

Answer

Social smiling typically emerges around 6–8 weeks of age, making it one of the earliest observable social milestones in infancy.

Question 2

In Piaget's preoperational stage, 'egocentrism' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The inability to see situations from another person's perspective

Answer

Piagetian egocentrism means the child cannot cognitively take another's viewpoint, as demonstrated by the classic three-mountain task.

Question 3

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which level must be satisfied before esteem needs can be addressed?

Accepted Answer

Belongingness and love needs

Answer

Maslow's hierarchy places belongingness and love needs (social connection) immediately below esteem needs, requiring social satisfaction first.

Question 4

A teenager begins questioning parental values and exploring different belief systems before making commitments. Marcia would label this status as:

Accepted Answer

Identity moratorium

Answer

Moratorium involves active exploration without yet making a commitment, representing the questioning phase of identity formation.

Question 5

Which theorist proposed that moral development occurs through stages of heteronomous and autonomous morality in children?

Accepted Answer

Jean Piaget

Answer

Piaget described heteronomous morality (rules are fixed) transitioning to autonomous morality (rules are flexible agreements) in middle childhood.

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