NCE Counseling Theory 4

Question 1

In Existential therapy, 'existential anxiety' (Angst) is best understood as:

Accepted Answer

An inevitable part of being human confronted with freedom and responsibility

Answer

Existential anxiety arises from confronting the fundamental conditions of existence — freedom, isolation, meaninglessness, and mortality — and is viewed as normal and unavoidable.

Question 2

The technique of 'paradoxical intention,' associated with Viktor Frankl's logotherapy, involves:

Accepted Answer

Having the client intentionally wish for or exaggerate the feared symptom

Answer

In paradoxical intention, the client is encouraged to intend or wish for the very thing they fear, which often reduces anticipatory anxiety by removing the fear-of-fear cycle.

Question 3

According to Carl Rogers, which condition occurs when a person's self-concept is inconsistent with their actual experience?

Accepted Answer

Incongruence

Answer

Incongruence in Rogers's theory refers to the gap between the self-concept (who one believes they are) and organismic experience (what one actually feels), which leads to psychological distress.

Question 4

In Structural Family Therapy (Minuchin), an 'enmeshed' family subsystem is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Diffuse boundaries with excessive closeness and poor individual autonomy

Answer

Enmeshment describes diffuse, blurred boundaries where family members are overly involved, limiting individual autonomy and differentiation.

Question 5

A client reports feeling anxious whenever they board a plane, despite knowing rationally that air travel is safe. A behaviorist would most likely attribute this to:

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning linking planes to a previously experienced fearful event

Answer

From a behavioral perspective, phobias typically result from classical conditioning in which a neutral stimulus (airplane) becomes associated with a fear-producing unconditioned stimulus.

NCE Exam Practice Test

NCE Exam Practice Test

NCE Counseling Theory 4