NCE Exam Human Growth and Development 1

Question 1

Vygotsky's concept of the 'Zone of Proximal Development' (ZPD) refers to:

Accepted Answer

The difference between what a learner can do without help and what they can achieve with guidance

Answer

Vygotsky defined the ZPD as the gap between a learner's independent capability and their potential with skilled guidance or collaboration, emphasizing the social nature of learning.

Question 2

According to Bowlby's attachment theory, which phase describes infants (approximately 6–24 months) who show clear preference for specific caregivers and exhibit separation protest?

Accepted Answer

Clear-cut attachment phase

Answer

The clear-cut attachment phase (roughly 6–24 months) is marked by strong, selective attachment to familiar caregivers, stranger anxiety, and distress upon separation.

Question 3

In Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, the 'mesosystem' is best described as:

Accepted Answer

The interactions and connections between two or more microsystems

Answer

The mesosystem comprises the linkages between microsystems—for example, the relationship between a child's home life and their school environment—rather than any single setting itself.

Question 4

According to Freud's psychosexual theory, the 'latency stage' occurs during which approximate age range?

Accepted Answer

Ages 6 to puberty

Answer

During the latency stage (roughly ages 6 through puberty), sexual impulses are repressed and children focus energy on social and intellectual skills, with same-sex peer relationships becoming prominent.

Question 5

Havighurst's developmental task theory suggests that each life stage presents specific tasks that must be mastered for healthy development. Which task is most associated with middle adulthood?

Accepted Answer

Achieving civic and social responsibility and guiding the next generation

Answer

Havighurst identified guiding the next generation, contributing to civic life, and maintaining career productivity as central developmental tasks of middle adulthood, paralleling Erikson's concept of generativity.

NCE Exam Practice Test

NCE Exam Practice Test

NCE Exam Human Growth and Development 1