NCBTMB Anatomy and Physiology 3

Question 1

The thoracic duct, the largest lymphatic vessel, drains lymph from all areas EXCEPT which region?

Accepted Answer

Right side of the head

Answer

The right side of the head, right upper extremity, and right thorax drain into the right lymphatic duct, not the thoracic duct.

Question 2

Which carpal bone is most commonly fractured and has a high risk of avascular necrosis due to its blood supply?

Accepted Answer

Scaphoid

Answer

The scaphoid is the most frequently fractured carpal bone, and its retrograde blood supply makes it susceptible to avascular necrosis.

Question 3

What is the primary function of the nephron loop (loop of Henle) in the kidney?

Accepted Answer

Creates an osmotic gradient to concentrate urine

Answer

The loop of Henle establishes a concentration gradient in the renal medulla by reabsorbing sodium and chloride, enabling the production of concentrated urine.

Question 4

Which neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction to initiate skeletal muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Acetylcholine (ACh) is released by motor neurons at the neuromuscular junction and binds to nicotinic receptors on muscle fibers to trigger contraction.

Question 5

In anatomical position, which term describes a structure closer to the point of attachment of a limb?

Accepted Answer

Proximal

Answer

Proximal means closer to the point of origin or attachment, such as the shoulder being proximal to the elbow.

NCBTMB Exam Practice Test

NCBTMB Exam Practice Test

NCBTMB Anatomy and Physiology 3