NCBTMB Anatomy and Physiology 2

Question 1

Which type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of hollow organs such as the stomach and intestines?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle

Answer

Smooth muscle is involuntary and lines hollow organs, controlling functions like digestion and blood vessel tone.

Question 2

The olecranon process is a bony landmark located on which bone?

Accepted Answer

Ulna

Answer

The olecranon process is the large posterior projection of the ulna that forms the point of the elbow.

Question 3

Which cranial nerve is responsible for controlling the majority of parasympathetic functions in the thorax and abdomen?

Accepted Answer

Vagus (CN X)

Answer

The vagus nerve (CN X) is the primary parasympathetic nerve, innervating the heart, lungs, and most abdominal organs.

Question 4

What is the role of surfactant in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Reduces surface tension to prevent alveolar collapse

Answer

Surfactant is a phospholipid substance produced by type II pneumocytes that lowers surface tension within alveoli, preventing their collapse during exhalation.

Question 5

The inguinal ligament extends between which two bony landmarks?

Accepted Answer

Anterior superior iliac spine and pubic tubercle

Answer

The inguinal ligament runs from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the pubic tubercle, forming the floor of the inguinal canal.

NCBTMB Exam Practice Test

NCBTMB Exam Practice Test

NCBTMB Anatomy and Physiology 2