Chronic Disease Management Flashcards

A community health nurse is using motivational interviewing to support a patient's diabetes self-management. Which response BEST reflects the motivational interviewing spirit?

Answer: 'What changes, if any, are you thinking about making to your diet?'

Motivational interviewing uses open-ended questions that evoke the patient's own motivation for change, respecting autonomy rather than directing behavior.

Which US public health initiative set national targets for reducing chronic disease and is updated every 10 years?

Answer: Healthy People (currently Healthy People 2030)

Healthy People, now in its fifth iteration as Healthy People 2030, sets science-based national objectives for improving health across the US over a decade.

In community-based chronic disease programs, what does the acronym 'SMART' refer to when setting health goals?

Answer: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound

SMART goals (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound) provide a structured framework for setting realistic chronic disease management objectives.

A community nurse is planning a hypertension management program. Which dietary approach has the strongest evidence for lowering blood pressure?

Answer: DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet

The DASH diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy while low in sodium and saturated fat, has the strongest clinical evidence for reducing blood pressure.

Which of the following best describes the role of community health workers (CHWs) in chronic disease management?

Answer: Trusted community members who provide navigation, education, and support to bridge patients and health systems

CHWs are lay community members trained to provide culturally appropriate health education, navigation, and social support, serving as bridges between underserved communities and health systems.

A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) Stage 3 asks the community nurse about dietary restrictions. Which restriction is MOST important?

Answer: Limiting phosphorus, potassium, and sodium intake to protect remaining kidney function

CKD Stage 3 patients typically need to limit phosphorus, potassium, and sodium to prevent electrolyte imbalances and slow further kidney damage.