NBT Critical Thinking & Argument Evaluation 3

Question 1

A politician states: "You're either with us or against us." Which fallacy does this statement represent?

Accepted Answer

False dilemma

Answer

A false dilemma (or false dichotomy) presents only two options when more exist. This statement ignores the possibility of neutral, conditional, or contextual positions.

Question 2

An advertisement claims: "Nine out of ten dentists recommend our toothpaste." What critical question should be asked about this statistic?

Accepted Answer

What was the sample size, methodology, and who funded the study?

Answer

When evaluating statistics, key questions include: How large was the sample? How was it selected? Who funded the research, and could there be bias? A statistic without this context is unreliable.

Question 3

A student argues: "We should increase the arts budget because art is important." What is the main weakness of this argument?

Accepted Answer

The conclusion is stated but not supported with reasons or evidence

Answer

The argument is circular (art is important, so we should fund art) and lacks supporting evidence or reasoning explaining WHY art is important and HOW increased funding would address specific needs.

Question 4

A text presents two sides of an issue without taking a position. What type of writing is this?

Accepted Answer

Balanced/analytical writing

Answer

Balanced or analytical writing presents multiple perspectives without advocating for one. This is typical in academic discussions, essays that synthesise viewpoints, or journalism that reports objectively.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of "begging the question" (circular reasoning)?

Accepted Answer

We know the policy is right because it is the correct policy.

Answer

Circular reasoning restates the conclusion as the premise without providing independent support. "It is right because it is correct" is the premise and conclusion saying the same thing in different words.

(NBT) National Benchmark Test Practice Test

(NBT) National Benchmark Test Practice Test

NBT Critical Thinking & Argument Evaluation 3