Specialty Credentials Flashcards

Which of the following conditions characterizes rapid eye movement (REM) sleep?

Answer: Highly active brain and physiological activity levels.

Highly active brain and physiological activity levels characterize REM stage. Stages 3 and 4 of NREM sleep are characterized by disorientation and disorganization. During REM sleep. the body movement ceases except for the eyes. The pulse rate slows by 5-10 beats/minute during NREM sleep. not REM sleep.

Which of the following sleep disorders is the most prevalent?

Answer: Insomnia.

Approximately 1/3 of American adults have some type of sleep disorder. and insomnia is the most common.

Which of the following substances is a natural hormone produced by the pineal gland that induces sleep?

Answer: Melatonin

Melatonin is a natural hormone that induces sleep. All the others are medications classified as stimulants.

An older female patient visits the doctor due to sleep issues. What could be the reason behind her sleep?

Answer: Older age decreases the amount of REM sleep naturally

As people age, there is a natural decrease in the amount of REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep they experience. REM sleep is a stage of sleep associated with dreaming and is important for cognitive function and memory consolidation. This decrease in REM sleep can lead to sleep issues, such as difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep throughout the night. Therefore, the reason behind the older female patient's sleep issues could be the natural decrease in REM sleep that occurs with age.

Which of the following is the best nursing advice to promote better sleep in kids?

Answer: Ensure that the meal is healthy & the room is quite for good sleep

The best nursing advice to promote better sleep in kids is to ensure that the meal is healthy and the room is quiet. A healthy meal can help regulate blood sugar levels and provide essential nutrients for better sleep. A quiet room creates a calm and peaceful environment, reducing distractions and promoting relaxation. Increasing screen time before sleep can have a negative impact on sleep quality, as the blue light emitted from screens can disrupt the production of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep. Encouraging kids to participate in leisure activities can be beneficial, but it is not specifically related to promoting better sleep.

Which of the following are the symptoms of Narcolepsy?

Answer: Cataplexy (Sudden loss of muscle tone)

The correct answer is "Cataplexy (Sudden loss of muscle tone)". Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder that affects the brain's ability to regulate sleep-wake cycles. One of the main symptoms of narcolepsy is cataplexy, which is characterized by sudden and temporary loss of muscle tone, leading to weakness or paralysis. This can be triggered by strong emotions such as laughter, anger, or surprise. Increased daytime energy and unwanted weight gain are not specific symptoms of narcolepsy.

What is the best way to keep the newborn baby to prevent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?

Answer: By placing the baby on his/her back

Placing the baby on his/her back is the best way to prevent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). This sleeping position reduces the risk of suffocation and allows for better airflow. Placing the baby on his/her stomach increases the risk of SIDS as it can restrict breathing. Keeping the room cool does not directly prevent SIDS, but maintaining a comfortable temperature can create a safe sleep environment. Therefore, the best option to prevent SIDS is by placing the baby on his/her back.

Which amongst the following are the most prevalent sleep disorders?

Answer: Insomnia

Insomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or both. It is one of the most prevalent sleep disorders, affecting a significant number of individuals worldwide. People with insomnia often experience daytime sleepiness, fatigue, irritability, and decreased concentration. The causes of insomnia can vary, including stress, anxiety, depression, certain medications, and underlying medical conditions. Treatment options for insomnia may include behavioral changes, medication, and addressing any underlying causes.

Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for a patient who has received a sedative-hypnotic agent?

Answer: Risk for injury

Sedative-hypnotics cause CNS depression. putting the patient at risk for injury.

A patient is admitted to the emergency department with an overdose of a barbiturate. The nurse immediately prepares to administer which of the following from the emergency drug cart?

Answer: Activated charcoal

There is no antidote for barbiturates. The use of activated charcoal absorbs any drug in the GI tract. preventing absorption.

During patient teaching. The nurse explains the difference between a sedative and hypnotic by stating:

Answer: “Most drugs produce sedation at low doses and sleep (the hypnotic effect) at higher doses.”

Many drugs have both sedative and hypnotic properties. with the sedative properties evident at low doses and the hypnotic properties demonstrated at larger doses.