NBDHE Oral Pathology and Disease Recognition 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which oral lesion appears as a white, non-removable plaque on the oral mucosa that cannot be attributed to any other known disease?
- Candidiasis
- Leukoplakia (Correct answer)
- Linea alba
- Fordyce spots
Correct answer: Leukoplakia
Leukoplakia is defined as a white patch that cannot be scraped off and has no other identifiable cause.
Question 2: What is the most common oral malignancy?
- Basal cell carcinoma
- Melanoma
- Squamous cell carcinoma (Correct answer)
- Adenocarcinoma
Correct answer: Squamous cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma accounts for approximately 90% of all oral cancers.
Question 3: Which condition is characterized by a painful, recurrent ulceration on the oral mucosa with a yellow-gray pseudomembrane and an erythematous halo?
- Herpes labialis
- Aphthous ulcer (Correct answer)
- Traumatic ulcer
- Nicotinic stomatitis
Correct answer: Aphthous ulcer
Aphthous ulcers (canker sores) present as painful, recurrent mucosal ulcers surrounded by a red halo.
Question 4: Hairy leukoplakia, associated with Epstein-Barr virus, is most commonly found in patients with which condition?
- Type 2 diabetes
- HIV/AIDS (Correct answer)
- Sjögren's syndrome
- Crohn's disease
Correct answer: HIV/AIDS
Hairy leukoplakia is an opportunistic infection caused by EBV that occurs predominantly in immunocompromised individuals, especially those with HIV/AIDS.
Question 5: A smooth, red, painful area on the dorsal tongue caused by atrophy of filiform papillae is characteristic of which condition?
- Geographic tongue
- Median rhomboid glossitis (Correct answer)
- Black hairy tongue
- Glossitis
Correct answer: Median rhomboid glossitis
Median rhomboid glossitis presents as a smooth, erythematous, rhomboid area in the midline of the posterior dorsal tongue due to papillary atrophy.
Question 6: Which type of cyst is the most common odontogenic cyst of the jaws?
- Dentigerous cyst
- Lateral periodontal cyst
- Radicular cyst (Correct answer)
- Calcifying odontogenic cyst
Correct answer: Radicular cyst
Radicular (periapical) cysts are the most common odontogenic cysts, forming from epithelial cell rests at the apex of a non-vital tooth.
NBDHE Oral Pathology and Disease Recognition 1
Which oral lesion appears as a white, non-removable plaque on the oral mucosa that cannot be attributed to any other known disease?