FREE NBDE Questions and Answers
Where does glycogen synthesis generally occur?
The synthesis of glycogen occurs in the cytosol and needs energy such as ATP and UTP (uridine triphosphate). Molecules of a-D-glucose are used to synthesize glycogen.
Which vessels are responsible for supplying the buccal gingiva that covers tooth #3?
The gingival overlying the first (such as tooth #3), second, and third molars are supplied by gingival branches of the posterior superior alveolar nerve and vessels.
During the swallowing process, which nerve is responsible for elevating the soft palate?
The vagus nerve also has motor components that control movement of the cricothyroid muscle, levator veli palatini, palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus muscle, and the superior/middle/inferior pharyngeal constrictors. These muscles are important for elevation of the soft palate during swallowing as well as the initiation of esophageal peristalsis.
What is the main purpose of a dental sealant?
Dental sealants are applied to the occlusal surfaces of molars and premolars to prevent cavities by sealing off pits and fissures.
What is the most common cause of localized aggressive periodontitis?
Localized aggressive periodontitis is primarily caused by specific bacterial infections, such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.
Which type of tooth is most commonly affected by supernumerary teeth?
Supernumerary teeth are most commonly found in the incisor region of the oral cavity.
The surgeon notices considerable quantities of blood from the artery that runs medial to the neck of the mandibular condyle while healing an injury to the temporomandibular joint. What artery has been damaged?
The maxillary artery is a branch of the external carotid artery that supplies blood to the deep structures of the face. The artery arises behind the neck of the mandible and courses medially to the neck of the mandibular condyle before passing into the pterygopalatine fossa.
The oral cavity is separated from which body cavity by the palatine bone of the mouth?
The palatine bone is an important component of the oral cavity as it is the primary component forming the hard palate on the superior surface of the oral cavity. The palatine bone is important for the oral cavity as it differentiates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity. The palatine bone is not directly connected or involved with the temporomandibular joint. The nasal cavity is an air filled space that lies posterior to the nose and serves as the primary point of air entry into the body. The nasal cavity has numerous functions including cleaning inhaled air of pathogens and dust as well as serving as a drainage point for the paranasal sinuses.
Which dental condition is characterized by the grinding or clenching of teeth, often during sleep?
Bruxism refers to the involuntary grinding or clenching of teeth, often occurring during sleep.
Which type of dental radiograph is best for detecting interproximal caries?
Bitewing radiographs are specifically designed to capture interproximal areas and are ideal for detecting early caries between teeth.
Hemoglobin molecules are required for oxygen transportation.
Only one oxygen molecule can bind to a molecule of hemoglobin.
Hemoglobin is a metalloprotein that contains iron, which gets transported by red blood cells. This molecule also carries oxygen to provide energy to mammals and also involved in transport of other gases.
What is the primary function of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)?
The primary function of the TMJ is to facilitate chewing and biting movements.
Which dental material is commonly used for its biocompatibility and ability to bond to tooth structure?
Composite resin is known for its ability to bond to tooth structure and its aesthetic qualities.
When glycogen is degraded, which of the following compounds is primarily produced?
Glycogen is mainly found in the liver and the skeletal muscle. It is primarily used during muscle contractions and as a source of energy for ATP. The synthesis of glycogen occurs in the cytosol and needs energy such as ATP and UTP (uridine triphosphate).
The periodontal ligament (PDL) receives its blood supply from the:
Maxillary artery The blood supply to the PDL arises from the maxillary artery and reaches the PDL via periosteal vessels, transalveolar vessels, and anastomosing vessels from the gingiva. The nerve fibers to the PDL arise from the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V), and provide sensory fibers responsible for pain, pressure, and proprioception.
The conversion of glucose-6-P to glycogen is called:
Glycogenesis is the formation of glycogen from glucose or glucose-6-P. Glycolysis