NBCC Human Growth & Development 5

Question 1

Which of the following is an example of a 'critical period' in human development?

Accepted Answer

Language acquisition during early childhood

Answer

Early childhood is considered a critical (or sensitive) period for language acquisition, during which exposure to language is essential for full linguistic development.

Question 2

Bandura's social learning theory emphasizes that children learn behavior primarily through:

Accepted Answer

Observation and imitation of models

Answer

Bandura demonstrated through the Bobo doll experiments that children readily imitate aggressive and other behaviors observed in models.

Question 3

According to Marcia's identity status model, an adolescent who has made firm commitments without exploring alternatives is in which status?

Accepted Answer

Identity foreclosure

Answer

Identity foreclosure occurs when an adolescent commits to an identity (often parental) without personally exploring alternatives.

Question 4

The process by which existing schemas are modified to incorporate new information that does not fit is called:

Accepted Answer

Accommodation

Answer

Accommodation involves restructuring existing cognitive schemas to account for new experiences that cannot be assimilated.

Question 5

In late adulthood, Erikson's final psychosocial crisis is:

Accepted Answer

Integrity vs. Despair

Answer

Ego integrity versus despair involves reflecting on one's life with either satisfaction and meaning or regret and bitterness.

(NBCC) National Board for Certified Counselors Practice Test

(NBCC) National Board for Certified Counselors Practice Test

NBCC Human Growth & Development 5