NBCC Human Growth & Development 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: The 'goodness of fit' model in developmental psychology emphasizes the match between:
- Parenting style and socioeconomic status
- A child's temperament and environmental demands (Correct answer)
- Cognitive ability and academic curriculum
- Attachment style and peer relationships
Correct answer: A child's temperament and environmental demands
Thomas and Chess proposed that positive outcomes depend on how well a child's temperament fits the expectations and demands of their environment.
Question 2: Which attachment style is associated with caregivers who are consistently unresponsive to infant signals?
- Secure attachment
- Anxious-resistant attachment
- Disorganized attachment
- Avoidant attachment (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Avoidant attachment
Avoidant attachment develops when caregivers consistently reject or minimize the infant's emotional needs, leading the infant to suppress attachment behaviors.
Question 3: According to Kübler-Ross, which is the correct order of the stages of grief?
- Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance (Correct answer)
- Anger, Denial, Bargaining, Acceptance, Depression
- Bargaining, Denial, Anger, Depression, Acceptance
- Denial, Depression, Anger, Bargaining, Acceptance
Correct answer: Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance
Kübler-Ross's five stages proceed: Denial → Anger → Bargaining → Depression → Acceptance, though the model is not strictly linear.
Question 4: Fluid intelligence, as described by Cattell and Horn, is best characterized by:
- Accumulated knowledge and cultural learning
- Verbal reasoning based on formal education
- The ability to solve novel problems without prior knowledge (Correct answer)
- Long-term memory storage of procedural skills
Correct answer: The ability to solve novel problems without prior knowledge
Fluid intelligence reflects raw reasoning capacity that peaks in young adulthood and tends to decline with age, unlike crystallized intelligence.
Question 5: A counselor notices a client's 8-year-old can classify objects by multiple attributes simultaneously. This skill indicates the child has reached Piaget's:
- Sensorimotor stage
- Preoperational stage
- Concrete operational stage (Correct answer)
- Formal operational stage
Correct answer: Concrete operational stage
Multi-attribute classification (multiple classification) emerges in the concrete operational stage, roughly ages 7–11.
Question 6: The concept of 'generativity vs. stagnation' in Erikson's model applies to which life period?
- Early adulthood (20s–30s)
- Middle adulthood (40s–60s) (Correct answer)
- Late adulthood (65+)
- Adolescence (12–18)
Correct answer: Middle adulthood (40s–60s)
Erikson's seventh stage places generativity—contributing to future generations through work, parenting, or mentorship—in middle adulthood.
Question 7: Object permanence, the understanding that objects continue to exist when out of sight, is achieved during which Piagetian stage?
- Preoperational
- Concrete operational
- Formal operational
- Sensorimotor (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Sensorimotor
Object permanence develops during the sensorimotor stage, typically around 8–12 months of age.
NBCC Human Growth & Development 4
The 'goodness of fit' model in developmental psychology emphasizes the match between: