NASM-CPT Exercise Science Fundamentals 5 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which proprioceptor, located at the musculotendinous junction, senses changes in muscle tension and the rate of that change?
- Muscle spindle
- Golgi tendon organ (Correct answer)
- Pacinian corpuscle
- Joint receptor
Correct answer: Golgi tendon organ
Golgi tendon organs detect changes in tension and, when stimulated, cause the muscle to relax (autogenic inhibition).
Question 2: A dumbbell lateral raise occurs primarily in which plane of motion?
- Sagittal plane
- Transverse plane
- Frontal plane (Correct answer)
- Oblique plane
Correct answer: Frontal plane
Lateral raises involve shoulder abduction, a movement that occurs in the frontal plane around an anterior-posterior axis.
Question 3: After a high-intensity interval session, a client's metabolism stays elevated for hours. What is this effect called?
- Oxygen deficit
- Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) (Correct answer)
- Respiratory exchange ratio
- Lactate threshold
Correct answer: Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC)
EPOC is the elevated oxygen consumption after exercise used to restore homeostasis, such as replenishing ATP-PC stores and clearing lactate.
Question 4: Which muscle group works as a force-couple to produce upward rotation of the scapula?
- Upper trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior (Correct answer)
- Rhomboids, levator scapulae, and pectoralis minor
- Latissimus dorsi, teres major, and pectoralis major
- Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and subscapularis
Correct answer: Upper trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior
The upper and lower trapezius pull together with the serratus anterior to upwardly rotate the scapula during overhead reaching.
Question 5: According to the sliding filament theory, which region of the sarcomere stays the same length during a concentric contraction?
- I-band
- H-zone
- A-band (Correct answer)
- Distance between Z-lines
Correct answer: A-band
The A-band matches the length of the myosin filaments, which do not shorten, while the I-band and H-zone narrow.
Question 6: The ATP-PC (phosphagen) system can sustain maximal effort for roughly how long before other systems take over?
- 1-3 seconds
- 10-15 seconds (Correct answer)
- 45-60 seconds
- 2-3 minutes
Correct answer: 10-15 seconds
Stored ATP and creatine phosphate fuel maximal efforts for about 10-15 seconds.
Question 7: At rest and during low-intensity, long-duration activity, which macronutrient is the body's primary fuel source?
- Carbohydrate
- Protein
- Fat (Correct answer)
- Creatine phosphate
Correct answer: Fat
At rest and low intensities, the oxidative system relies mainly on fat through beta-oxidation.