Special Populations and Health Conditions Flashcards

What is 'exercise-induced hypoglycemia' and which population is most at risk?

Answer: Low blood glucose caused by exercise; most common in clients with diabetes on insulin or oral medications

Exercise-induced hypoglycemia is a dangerous drop in blood glucose during or after exercise, most common in diabetic clients taking insulin or glucose-lowering medications.

Which exercise approach is most appropriate for a client with chronic lower back pain (non-acute, cleared by physician)?

Answer: Core stabilization, hip strengthening, and low-impact aerobic exercise

For non-acute lower back pain, core stabilization exercises, hip strengthening, and low-impact aerobic activity reduce pain, improve function, and prevent recurrence.

What does the term 'deconditioning' mean in a fitness context?

Answer: The reversible loss of fitness adaptations due to prolonged inactivity or illness

Deconditioning is the reversal of fitness adaptations (reduced VO2max, strength, bone density) that occurs when training ceases or is significantly reduced, often due to illness, injury, or sedentary behavior.

When training a postpartum client, what is the key consideration for returning to core exercises?

Answer: Screen for diastasis recti and avoid exercises that increase intra-abdominal pressure until the condition is resolved

Postpartum clients should be screened for diastasis recti (abdominal separation); exercises that significantly increase intra-abdominal pressure (e.g., crunches, heavy lifts) should be modified until the condition heals.

Which of the following characterizes a client with metabolic syndrome?

Answer: A cluster of conditions including abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and abnormal cholesterol

Metabolic syndrome is diagnosed when a client has three or more of five risk factors: abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, low HDL, high blood pressure, and elevated fasting blood glucose.

What is the recommended exercise approach for older adults (65+) to prevent falls?

Answer: Balance training, resistance training, and functional movement exercises targeting lower body strength

Evidence-based fall prevention for older adults includes balance training, lower extremity resistance training, and functional movements that improve stability, reaction time, and strength.