Mathematics Flashcards

Which of the following is an example of an irrational number?

Answer: √2

√2 cannot be expressed as a ratio of integers and has a non-terminating, non-repeating decimal, making it irrational.

Which transformation preserves both shape and size of a figure?

Answer: Rigid motion (isometry)

Rigid motions (translations, rotations, reflections) preserve both shape and size, making figures congruent.

A rectangle has a length of 12 cm and a width of 5 cm. What is the length of its diagonal?

Answer: 13 cm

Using the Pythagorean theorem: d = √(12² + 5²) = √(144 + 25) = √169 = 13 cm.

A function f(x) = x² is best described as which type of function?

Answer: Quadratic

A function of the form f(x) = ax² + bx + c is a quadratic function, producing a parabolic graph.

Which measure of central tendency is most affected by an outlier?

Answer: Mean

The mean is calculated using all values, so an extreme outlier significantly pulls it toward that value.

In teaching algebraic thinking, which activity best supports the development of variable understanding?

Answer: Using balance scales to model equations

Balance scales make the concept of equality and variable substitution concrete and intuitive for students.