English Language Arts Flashcards

Which of the following best defines 'phonemic awareness' in early literacy instruction?

Answer: The understanding that spoken words are made up of individual sounds

Phonemic awareness is the oral skill of hearing and manipulating individual phonemes (sounds) in spoken words.

A student reads slowly and word by word but with good comprehension. Which area should the teacher target first?

Answer: Reading fluency

Fluency (rate, accuracy, and prosody) is the bridge between decoding and comprehension; targeting it will support more automatic reading.

Which type of text structure is signaled by words like 'first,' 'next,' and 'finally'?

Answer: Sequence/chronological order

Signal words like first, next, and finally indicate chronological or sequential organization of ideas.

On the MTTC Elementary Education subtest, what does the term 'morpheme' refer to?

Answer: The smallest unit of meaning in a language

A morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit in language; for example, 'unhappy' contains two morphemes: 'un-' and 'happy.'

Which approach to writing instruction emphasizes teaching writing as a recursive process of planning, drafting, revising, and editing?

Answer: Process writing approach

The process writing approach treats writing as cyclical, with students revisiting and refining their work through multiple stages.

A teacher asks students to determine the author's purpose in a persuasive essay. Which question best guides this analysis?

Answer: What words does the author use to influence the reader's opinion?

Identifying persuasive language and rhetorical devices directly reveals the author's intent to influence the reader.