MSNCB Renal Nursing 5

Question 1

A renal transplant patient is prescribed tacrolimus. Which adverse effect requires regular laboratory monitoring?

Accepted Answer

Nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity

Answer

Tacrolimus is a calcineurin inhibitor with dose-dependent nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity; trough levels and renal function must be monitored closely.

Question 2

A patient with renal artery stenosis is started on an ACE inhibitor. Which laboratory change requires immediate attention?

Accepted Answer

Acute rise in serum creatinine >30% from baseline

Answer

A creatinine rise of >30% after starting an ACE inhibitor in renal artery stenosis suggests significant reduction in glomerular filtration pressure, warranting dose adjustment or discontinuation.

Question 3

Which nursing action is essential before drawing blood from the arm with an AV fistula?

Accepted Answer

Avoid all venipuncture and blood pressure measurements in that arm

Answer

The arm with an AV fistula must be protected from venipuncture, BP cuffs, and IVs to preserve the access site and prevent damage or thrombosis.

Question 4

A patient with CKD develops pruritus. Which intervention is most appropriate to address uremic pruritus?

Accepted Answer

Ensure adequate dialysis and prescribe emollients or antihistamines

Answer

Uremic pruritus is managed with optimized dialysis to reduce uremic toxins, combined with topical emollients and antihistamines for symptomatic relief.

Question 5

Which finding in a 24-hour urine collection indicates nephrotic-range proteinuria?

Accepted Answer

Protein excretion >3.5 g/day

Answer

Nephrotic syndrome is defined by proteinuria exceeding 3.5 g/day in adults, reflecting significant glomerular damage.

(MSNCB) Medical-Surgical Nursing Certification Board Practice Test

(MSNCB) Medical-Surgical Nursing Certification Board Practice Test

MSNCB Renal Nursing 5