An attorney uses a private investigator to gather information from a non-client who is involved in opposing litigation. The investigator misrepresents their identity to obtain the information. The attorney is:
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A
Not responsible because the investigator is an independent contractor
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B
Responsible only if the attorney instructed the investigator to misrepresent
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C
Responsible if the attorney ordered or ratified the investigator's misrepresentation
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D
Not responsible because Rule 8.4 only applies to direct attorney conduct