Clinical Medicine & Patient Safety Flashcards

The 'five rights' of medication administration include all EXCEPT:

Answer: Right prescriber

The five rights of medication administration are: right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, and right time. 'Right prescriber' is not one of the classic five rights.

A patient with a blood pressure of 180/110 mmHg and severe headache most likely has:

Answer: Hypertensive urgency

Hypertensive urgency is defined as severe hypertension (>180/110 mmHg) without evidence of acute end-organ damage; the presence of headache alone does not confirm emergency unless neurological damage is demonstrated.

Universal precautions in healthcare require gloves when:

Answer: During all invasive procedures and contact with body fluids

Universal precautions treat all patient blood and body fluids as potentially infectious; gloves must be worn during all invasive procedures and any contact with blood or body fluids regardless of diagnosis.

The correct position for unconscious breathing adult patient is:

Answer: Recovery (lateral) position

The recovery (lateral) position maintains an open airway and prevents aspiration of vomit or secretions in an unconscious but breathing patient.

Which of the following is the MOST important step before administering a blood transfusion?

Answer: Checking patient identity and blood group compatibility

Verifying patient identity against the blood bag label and cross-match report is the single most important step to prevent potentially fatal ABO incompatibility reactions.

In a patient with suspected anaphylaxis, the FIRST-LINE treatment is:

Answer: IM epinephrine (adrenaline)

IM epinephrine (adrenaline) 0.5 mg (1:1000) into the mid-outer thigh is the first and most critical treatment for anaphylaxis, reversing bronchospasm, vasodilation, and urticaria.