Medical Nail Care Techniques Flashcards

A nail that has separated from the nail bed is termed:

Answer: Onycholysis

Onycholysis is the distal or lateral separation of the nail plate from the nail bed, commonly caused by trauma, fungal infection, or systemic disease.

Which tool is most appropriate for removing subungual debris from beneath a thick nail?

Answer: Curette or nail elevator

A curette or nail elevator is designed to safely remove subungual debris without damaging the nail bed.

When treating a nail with suspected psoriatic involvement, the technician should:

Answer: Document findings, avoid aggressive debridement, and refer to physician

Psoriatic nails require medical evaluation; aggressive debridement can worsen the condition, so documentation and referral are the appropriate response.

What is the recommended edge profile when cutting nails to prevent ingrowth?

Answer: Straight across with corners left intact

Cutting straight across and leaving the corners intact prevents the nail edge from penetrating the lateral nail fold and causing ingrowth.

Which assessment finding would prompt immediate referral before proceeding with nail treatment?

Answer: Absence of pedal pulses and pallor of the foot

Absent pedal pulses and pallor suggest critical limb ischemia—a medical emergency requiring immediate physician evaluation before any foot treatment.

The term 'subungual hematoma' refers to:

Answer: A collection of blood between the nail plate and nail bed

A subungual hematoma is a blood collection under the nail, typically from trauma, that causes pain and discoloration.